外来入侵杂草假苍耳的形态学及DNA分子鉴定  

Morphological and DNA molecular identification of invasive alien weed Cyclachaena xanthiifolia(Nutt.)Fresen.

作　　者：冯佳楠 依米提·热苏力 吴明媚 史博 张兴 方艳 马德英[1] FENG Jianan;YIMITI·Resuli;WU Mingmei;SHI Bo;ZHANG Xing;FANG Yan;MA Deying(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Species in Agriculture&Forestry of the North-western Desert Oasis(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Safety Prevention and Control of Agriculture and Forest Pests,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Urumqi Customs District P.R.China,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;Tacheng Customs District P.R.China,Tacheng,Xinjiang 834700,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室/农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中华人民共和国乌鲁木齐海关,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中华人民共和国塔城海关,新疆塔城834700

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2023年第2期133-138,共6页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1200602);外来有害植物鉴定及风险评估;乌鲁木齐海关合作项目。

摘　　要：2019年在新疆塔城市进行入侵有害生物实地踏查中发现疑似假苍耳的植株,首先采用传统形态学鉴定方法,根据植物的根、茎、叶、花及果实等外部形态特征进行初步鉴定,再以植物的Rps16、psbA和matK基因序列为参考,设计特异性引物(分别为IXR、IXP及IXM)进行聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增和测序。通过形态学和DNA分子鉴定可知,采自塔城市的野生杂草为假苍耳,待检测植物基因测序片段与假苍耳psbA和matK基因序列的相似度高达98%,是我国入境植物检疫性有害生物之一。本研究建立了假苍耳的快速检测方法,可为新疆地区假苍耳的检验检疫及有效防控提供参考。In 2019,plants suspected to be Cyclachaena xanthiifolia(Nutt.)Fresen.were found during the field trek of invasive pests in Tacheng,Xinjiang in 2019.The traditional morphological identification method was used to identify the root,stem,leaf,flower,fruit and other external morphological characteristics of the plant.Then specific primers(IXR,IXP and IXM respectively)were designed for polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification and sequencing based on the Rps16、psbA and matK gene se⁃quences.The morphological and DNA molecular identification showed that the wild weed from Tacheng area was C.xanthiifolia,and the similarity between the plant gene sequencing fragment and the psbA and matK gene sequences of C.xanthiifolia was up to 98%,which are one of the entry plant quarantine pests.In this study,a rapid detection method for false celandine was established,which can provide reference for the inspection and quarantine and effective prevention and control of false celandine in Xinjiang region.

关 键 词：入侵杂草 假苍耳 形态学 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S41-30[农业科学—植物保护]