逆断层影响下无煤柱自成巷矿压规律及围岩控制  

Application of pillar-free self-formed roadway technology under the influence of reserse faults:Strata behavior law and surrounding rock control

作　　者：张文杰 何满潮[1,2] 王炯 马资敏[2,3] 程满江 牛韶坤 ZHANG Wenjie;HE Manchao;WANG Jiong;MA Zimin;CHENG Manjiang;NIU Shaokun(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,北京100083 [3]山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2023年第5期1-10,共10页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074300);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52104139);中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLGDUEK2132);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2022YJSSB04)。

摘　　要：为探究逆断层活化对无煤柱自成巷稳定性的影响,通过理论分析、数值模拟、工程实践、现场监测的方法,对逆断层活化作用机理和影响区域进行系统研究。结果表明,在水平构造应力和自重应力的双重作用下,逆断层对工作面超前支承压力及采后顶板压力有显著的影响。当工作面靠近逆断层时,逆断层开始局部活化;工作面到达逆断层位置时,受工作面采动剧烈影响,导致逆断层全面活化,超前支承压力急剧增加,应力集中系数为4.75。揭露逆断层之后,上覆岩层的压力由逆断层上盘传递到采空区后方,造成采空区后方支承压力升高,经模拟分析判断出逆断层下盘对工作面围岩稳定性有显著影响,影响范围为85 m,该范围是围岩控制重点区段。利用具有高恒阻力、高延伸率和高预紧力超常力学特性的恒阻大变形锚索、精准顶板预裂卸压技术和成巷围岩联合支护技术,得到巷道围岩滞后工作面150~190 m范围内保持稳定,该技术可以实现围岩变形有效控制。To explore the influence of reverse fault activation on the stability of the application of the pillar-free selfformed roadway technology,this study systematically investigated the influencing scope and mechanisms of the reverse fault activation through theoretical analysis,numerical simulations,engineering practice,and field monitoring.The results show that,under the combined action of horizontal tectonic stress and dead weight stress,reverse faults have a significant influence on both the advanced abutment pressure of working faces and the pressure on the roadway roof after coal mining.The reverse fault was locally activated when the working face was close to the reverse fault.In contrast,it was completely activated when the working face reached the reverse fault due to the influence of intense coal mining along the working face.As a result,the advanced abutment pressure of the working face sharply increased,with a stress concentration coefficient of 4.75.After the reverse fault was exposed,the load of the overlying strata was transferred from the hanging wall of the reverse fault to the rear goaf,leading to an increase in the abutment pressure of the rear goaf.The simulation analysis indicates that the foot wall of the reverse fault had a significant influence on the stability of the surrounding rocks of the working face.The influencing scope was 85 m and was the key area for surrounding rock control.Using the constant resistance and large deformation anchor with supernormal mechanical characteristics,such as high and constant resistance,high elongation,and high preload,as well as precise roof pre-splitting for pressure relief and the combined support technology for roadway surrounding rocks,this study enabled the roadway surrounding rocks 150-190 m behind the working place to remain stable.Therefore,this technology can effectively control the instability and deformation of surrounding rocks.

关 键 词：逆断层活化 无煤柱自成巷 切顶卸压 矿压规律 围岩控制 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]