控释氮肥对引黄灌区麦后复种青贮玉米养分吸收和品质的影响  

Effect of Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nutrient Uptake and Quality of Post-Wheat Silage Maize in the Yellow River Irrigation Area

作　　者：刘汝亮[1,2] 王英 周丽娜[1] 洪瑜[1] 王芳[1] 冒辛平[1] 刘根红[3] Liu Ruliang;Wang Ying;Zhou Lina;Hong Yu;Wang Fang;Mao Xinping;Liu Genhong(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;National Agro-Environment Yinchuan Observation and Experimental Station,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]国家农业环境银川观测实验站,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2023年第1期5-7,15,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发专项(2019BBF02007、2021BEG02002);农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题(NGSB-2021-11);宁夏回族自治区自然基金项目(2020AAC03303)。

摘　　要：针对引黄灌区麦后复种玉米施肥不合理现状,以德美亚1号玉米品种为材料,研究控释氮肥优化施肥对麦后复种青贮玉米养分吸收和品质的影响。结果表明,控释氮肥优化施肥显著提高青贮玉米的鲜草和干草产量,其产量较常规施肥处理分别增加9.58%和7.38%,干草产量增加是通过提高玉米籽粒产量实现的。控释氮肥处理显著提高青贮玉米秸秆和籽粒的氮素养分含量,增加植株氮素养分吸收量。控释氮肥处理玉米秸秆和籽粒中粗蛋白含量分别比常规施肥处理提高10.56%和7.21%,籽粒中粗淀粉含量提高8.17%。控释氮肥优化施肥处理可以提高青贮玉米产量和籽粒品质,增加氮、磷素养分吸收量,减少氮、磷素养分投入,降低环境风险。Aiming at the unreasonable fertilization of post-wheat silage maize in the Yellow River irrigation area,the effects of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer optimized fertilization on nutrient absorption and quality of post-wheat multi-cropping maize were studied using Demeiya No.1 maize variety as material.Compared with regular fertilization treatment,the results showed that the optimized application of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the fresh and dry yields of silage maize by 9.58%and 7.38%,respectively.The increase of dry yield was achieved by increasing the corn kernel yield.Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer treatment significantly increased the nitrogen nutrient concentration of silage corn stalks and kernels,and increased the nitrogen nutrient uptake of plants.Compared with the regular fertilization treatment,the crude protein content of straw and grain in the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer treatment increased by 10.56%and 7.21%,respectively;The crude starch content in the grain also increased by 8.17%.The optimized fertilization treatment of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer can improve the yield and grain quality of silage maize,increase the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus,reduce the input of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and reduce environmental risks.

关 键 词：引黄灌区 麦后复种 青贮玉米 控释氮肥 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]