“横竖”的语义特征及生成机制分析  

Analysis of the Semantic Characteristics and Generation Mechanism of"Heng Shu"

作　　者：杨佳欣 YANG Jiaxin(School of Literature,Anhui University,Hefei Anhui 230000)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《牡丹江大学学报》2023年第6期63-70,84,共9页Journal of Mudanjiang University

摘　　要：“横竖”是现代汉语口语中常用的反义对立式语气副词。通过对句法形式的分析发现,“横竖”在与量级成分、未然成分、已然成分的共现中产生主观任指周遍义;语气副词“横竖”经历了语法化环境逐渐具有了话语标记用法,起到表达说话者情感态度的作用。从句法生成机制的角度看,“横竖”居于不同的句法位置是因为不同成分发生了移位。副词“横竖”基础生成于主语前,修饰整个命题。当主语不在修饰范围内,向上提升获得主格特征;当句子具有强烈的主观修饰性,“横竖”向高位移位,与命题之间用逗号隔开,成为话语标记。"Heng Shu"is a common antonymic contrastive adverb in modern spoken Chinese.The analysis of syntactic forms reveals that"Heng Shu"produces subjective arbitrary circumlocutionary meaning in co-occurrence with quantitative,unstated and stated components;the adverb"Heng Shu"has gradually become a discourse marker through the grammaticalized environment,and serves to express the speaker's emotion and attitude.From the point of view of syntactic production mechanism,"Heng Shu"are in different syntactic positions because of the displacement of different components.The basis of the adverb"Heng Shu"is generated before the subject and modifies the whole proposition.When the subject is not within the scope of modification,it is raised upwards to acquire the subjective character;when the sentence is strongly subjective,the"Heng Shu"is shifted to a higher position,separated from the proposition by a comma,and becomes a discourse marker.

关 键 词：“横竖” 任指周遍义 语法化环境 话语标记 生成机制 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]