中国科大蒙城流星雷达观测中间层-低热层大气风场和潮汐研究  

Observation of MLT region winds and tides by the USTC Mengcheng meteor radar

作　　者：易稳 薛向辉[1,2,3,4,5] 曾洁 王鉴远 周宝柱 叶海伦 陈廷娣 窦贤康[1] Wen Yi;Xianghui Xue;Jie Zeng;Jianyuan Wang;Baozhu Zhou;Hailun Ye;Tingdi Chen;Xiankang Dou(CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment,School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Anhui Mengcheng Geophysics National Observation and Research Station,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology,Hefei 230026,China;Deep Space Exploration Laboratory,Hefei 230026,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Astronautical Science and Technology,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院中科院近地空间环境重点实验室,安徽合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学蒙城地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站,安徽合肥230026 [3]中科院比较行星学卓越创新中心,安徽合肥230026 [4]深空探测实验室,安徽合肥230026 [5]航天科技协同创新中心,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《中国科学技术大学学报》2023年第5期1-12,I0001,I0008,共14页JUSTC

基　　金：supported by the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD3420002004);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42125402,41974174,42188101,41831071,42174183,and 41904135);the B-type Strategic Priority Program of CAS(XDB41000000);the Project of Stable Support for Youth Team in Basic Research Field,CAS(YSBR-018);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2008085MD113);the Joint Open Fund of Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory(MENGO202209).

摘　　要：中国科学技术大学蒙城流星雷达(33.4°N,116.5°E)自2014年4月运行以来,已经持续观测超过了8 a。本文报道了该流星雷达8 a的水平风场和大气潮汐波动观测结果。另外,给出了该流星雷达观测和Navy Global Environmental Model-High Altitude(NAVGEM-HA)模拟的对比结果。观测结果表明在北半球较低中纬度地区,流星雷达观测的流星数量存在明显的周日变化,流星数量在当地时间的上午增多,在午后和夜晚降低。同时流星数量也存在明显的周年变化,在9和10月份出现大值,在2月份出现低值。此外,北半球较低中纬度地区中间层-低热层大气水平风场存在明显的周年变化,在84 km以上,纬向水平风场在夏季表现为东向风场,冬季表现为西向风场;而在84 km以下,冬季为东向风场,春季为西向风场。经向风场则表现出冬季为北向风场,夏季为南向风场。此外,大气风场存在明显的太阳热力潮汐波动,主要表现为周日潮汐,半日潮汐次之。其中纬向和经向周日潮汐均在春季3月份出现了最大值,振幅分别可达到40和30 m/s,而在秋季9月份出现较大值,振幅分别可达到30和25 m/s。周日潮汐振幅基本表现为在春秋分日附近出现增强,在冬夏至日附近出现减弱的特征。半日潮汐主要在90 km高度以上出现明显增强,而在季节变化特征上,在春季(4月)和秋季(9月)出现明显的增强。The atmospheric winds and waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere(MLT)region are essential for studying the dynamics and climate in the middle and upper atmosphere.The University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)meteor radar located at Mengcheng(33.36°N,116.49°E)has been operating continuously since April 2014.More than 8 years of observation of mesospheric horizontal winds and tides are presented in this study.In addition,we present an intercomparison among the meteor radar observations and the Navy Global Environmental Model-High Altitude(NAVGEM-HA)analysis results.The meteor number at northern lower midlatitudes suffers from diurnal variations in meteor occurrence,with a high count rate in the local morning and a low rate during local afternoon-to-midnight.The meteor count rates show a clear annual variation,with a maximum in September-October and a minimum in February.The horizontal wind in the MLT region has dominant annual variations at lower midlatitudes,with the eastward wind during summer and the westward wind during winter above 84 km,and the eastward wind during winter and the westward wind during spring below 84 km.The meridional wind is northward during winter and southward during summer.The diurnal amplitude is dominant,followed by the semidiurnal tides at lower midlatitudes.The zonal and meridional diurnal tides show enhancements during spring(March)with amplitudes that can reach up to 40 m/s and 30 m/s and during autumn(September)with amplitudes that can reach up to 30 m/s and 25 m/s,respectively.The seasonal variations in diurnal tidal amplitude basically show characteristics that are strong during the equinox and weak during the solstice.The zonal and meridional semidiurnal tides are maximized during spring(April)and autumn(September)above 90 km.

关 键 词：中间层-低热层区域 流星雷达 中间层顶 水平风场 大气潮汐 

分 类 号：P407.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P412.16P412.22