春尺蠖发生规律及与温度之间的关系研究  

Study on Occurrence Regularity of Apocheima cinerarius and Its Relationship with Temperature

作　　者：程晓甜 王洁 胡荣梅 成东辉 孟峤 CHENG Xiaotian;WANG Jie;HU Rongmei;CHENG Donghui;MENG Qiao(Changji Prefecture Forest Seedling and Forest Disease and Pest Control and Quarantine Station,Changji Xinjiang 831100;Changji City Forestry and Grassland Bureau Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade,Changji Xinjiang 831100)

机构地区：[1]昌吉州林木种苗森林病虫防治检疫站,新疆昌吉831100 [2]昌吉市林业和草原局综合行政执法大队,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第11期79-83,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：春尺蠖(Apocheima cinerarius)是重要的林业害虫之一。为掌握其在新疆昌吉的发生规律,明确其最佳防治期,本研究于2017—2021年在昌吉市设立春尺蠖监测样地,利用虫情测报灯监测成虫羽化进度,标记卵块记录卵孵化进度,并随机选取标准枝调查幼虫发育进度。结果表明:春尺蠖的羽化时间为3月中下旬至4月上旬,成虫羽化始盛期的日平均气温为2.20~4.30℃、平均地表温度为5.65~7.96℃;卵的孵化时间为4月中下旬,卵孵化的起始气温为12.20~21.50℃,孵化起始地表温度为17.08~24.35℃;幼虫于4月底至5月初开始危害,此时日平均气温为14~25℃、平均地表温度16.24~35.40℃。4月下旬日平均气温达到15℃以上、平均地表温度达到16℃以上时,是春尺蠖2、3龄幼虫发生盛期,即幼虫占比为50%左右,也是幼虫防治的最佳时间。Apocheima cinerarius is one of the important forestry pests.In order to master the occurrence regularity of Apocheima cinerarius in Changji,Xinjiang,and determine its optimal control period,this study established a monitoring sample plot in Changji City from 2017 to 2021,and used pest monitoring lamps to monitor the adult emergence progress,marked egg blocks to record the egg hatching progress,and randomly selected standard branches to investigate the larvae development progress.The results showed that the eclosion time of Apocheima cinerarius was from mid-late March to early April,the daily average temperature of adult eclosion initial peak was 2.20-4.30℃,and the average surface temperature was 5.65-7.96℃.The hatching time of eggs was mid-late April,the initial temperature for egg hatching was 12.20-21.50℃,and the initial surface temperature was 17.08-24.35℃.The larvae began to damage plant from the end of April to the beginning of May,when the daily average temperature was 14-25℃and the average surface temperature was 16.24-35.40℃.In late April,when the daily average temperature reached 15℃or above and the average surface temperature reached 16℃or above,it was the peak period for the occurrence of the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of Apocheima cinerarius,with a larval proportion of about 50%,which was also the best time for larval control.

关 键 词：春尺蠖 温度 发育进度 孵化进度 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学]