高龄生活自理老年人听力与平衡能力及跌倒的相关性调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the correlation between hearing and balance and falls in the self-caring very elderly

作　　者：张立明 周健[1] 王宁[1] 叶辉[1] 刘博[2,3] ZHANG Liming;ZHOU Jian;WANG Ning;YE Hui;LIU Bo(Department of Geriatrics,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,100730,China;Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(Capital Medical University),Ministry of Education,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,100730,China;Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology,Beijing,100005,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院老年医学科/干部医疗科,北京100730 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京100730 [3]北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,北京100005

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2023年第4期226-229,共4页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：中央保健科研课题(2020YB48)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析高龄生活自理老年人听力损失与平衡功能、肌力、肌功能及跌倒事件的相关性。方法以2021年10月~2022年4月间在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院医院老年门诊就诊的88例高龄生活自理老年人为研究对象。对受试者进行纯音测听、足跟抵足尖直线站立、计时起立-行走、5次起坐、6 m步速测试。受试者分为正常及轻度听力下降组(A组)、中度听力下降组(B组)及中重度及以上听力下降组(C组)。比较不同听力组间检查结果的差异。结果A组27例(30.7%),B组32例(36.4%),C组29例(32.9%)。与A组相比,B、C两组足跟抵足尖直线站立的完成率降低(77.8%vs.46.9%,44.8%,P=0.021),C组5次起坐测试时间明显延长[16.25(13.50~19.79)s vs.12.94(10.04~14.53)s,P=0.007],6 m步速有减慢趋势[(0.87±0.24)m/s vs.(0.82±0.23)m/s,(0.74±0.18)m/s,P=0.068]。结论高龄生活自理老年人听力损失与平衡能力、肌力和肌功能减退相关。OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between the degree of hearing loss and balance function,muscle strength,muscle function and fall events in the self-care elderly.METHODS A total of 88 subjects aged 80 years and over were enrolled in the geriatric outpatient clinic of a general first-class hospital at Grade 3 from October 2021 to April 2022 in Beijing.Pure tone audiometry,full tandem stance,timed get-up and go test,five times sit to stand test and 6-meter walking speed test.We divided subjects into normal to mild hearing loss group(Group A),moderate hearing loss group(Group B)and moderate to severe hearing loss group(Group C).We made a comparison between different hearing groups.RESULTS There were 27 cases(30.7%)in Group A,32 cases(36.4%)in Group B,and 29 cases(32.9%)in Group C.Compared with Group A,the completion rate of full tandem stance in Group B and Group C was reduced(77.8%vs.46.9%,44.8%,P=0.021),the fivetime sitting time in Group C were significantly longer[16.25(13.50-19.79)s vs.12.94(10.04-14.53)s,P=0.007],and the 6-meter walking speed was slowed down[(0.87±0.24)m/s vs.(0.82±0.23)m/s,(0.74±0.18)m/s,P=0.068)].CONCLUSIONThe degree of hearing loss in self-caring very elderly is related to the decline of balance function,muscle strength and muscle function.

关 键 词：老年人 80以上 听力损失 意外跌倒 平衡 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]