政治与文学之间:1949-1966年文学史著作中的鲁迅形象建构  

Between Politics and Literature:Lu Xun Image Construction in Literary History Works from 1949 to 1966

作　　者：冯辉 董子健 FENG Hui;DONG Zi-jian(Department of Chinese Literature,Cangzhou Normal University,Cangzhou,Hebei 061001,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州师范学院中文系,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《沧州师范学院学报》2023年第2期60-63,115,116,共6页Journal of Cangzhou Normal University

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金立项项目“鲁迅年谱长编与家世生平资料整理研究”,编号:No.21BZW028;2022年度河北省教育科学“十四五”规划立项课题“‘形象建构’视域下河北省中学语文教材中鲁迅作品选编研究”,编号:No.2205193。

摘　　要：1949-1966年,在新中国文艺政策影响下,产生了一大批文学史著作。王瑶、蔡仪、刘绶松、丁易以及张毕来等人的著作成为中国文学史研究的典范。鲁迅作为中国现代文学史上坐标式人物,成为这些文学史著作重点研究的对象。与此同时,在毛泽东《新民主主义论》中提出的“鲁迅的方向,就是中华民族新文化的方向”的指引下,众多文学史的编纂多以政治革命的尺度来衡量鲁迅,使鲁迅成为“中国文化革命的伟人”和“富有革命性的现实主义者”,寻求鲁迅的思想根底和作品中的革命特征,这些成为本时期鲁迅形象建构的主要特点。但鲁迅及其作品毕竟是客观存在的,编者在阐释主流意识形态的同时,也试图寻求政治与文学的一种平衡状态,对鲁迅作品的文学性也有深刻论述,但限于时代的原因,文学史著作所展现的鲜明的时代印迹值得我们去思考。From 1949 to 1966,a large number of literature history works were produced under the influence of New China’s literature and art policy.The works of Wang Yao,CAI Yi,Liu Shusong,Ding Yi and Zhang Bilai became the models for the study of Chinese literary history.Lu Xun,as a coordinate figure in the history of Chinese modern literature,became the research focus of these works.In the meantime,under the guidance of“Lu Xun’s direction is the direction of the new culture of the Chinese Nation”put forward in Mao Zedong’s On New Democracy,many literary histories were compiled to evaluate Lu Xun in terms of political revolution,making Lu Xun“a great man of Chinese cultural revolution”and“a revolutionary realist.”They sought for the foundation of Lu Xun’s ideas and the revolutionary features in his works.Theses became the main characteristics of Lu Xun image construction during that period.After all,Lu Xun and his works are objective.While explaining the mainstream ideology,the editors also tried to find a balance between politics and literature through deeply discussing the literariness of Lu Xun’s works.However,due to the reasons of the times,the distinct imprint of the times shown in these literary history works is worth our thinking.

关 键 词：文学史著作 鲁迅形象 鲁迅方向 形象建构 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]