镉污染农田替代种植模式及经济效益研究  

Study on alternative planting pattern and economic benefit of cadmium polluted farmland

作　　者：陈岿威 杨力 李娜 曹源 杜衡威 陈文清[1] CHEN Kui-wei;YANG Li;LI Na;CAO Yuan;DU Heng-wei;CHEN Wen-qing(College of Architecture&Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610044,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川成都610044

出　　处：《应用化工》2023年第5期1609-1614,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0800604)。

摘　　要：面向农田镉(Cd)污染背景下的农产品安全问题,探讨不同作物Cd累积规律及不同种植模式经济效益,为实现Cd污染农田安全生产提供科学依据。以Cd污染农田作为试验点,第一年选择14种作物开展了替代作物筛选试验,系统分析了不同作物的Cd累积特征,第二年选取达标率较好的替代作物设置了6种替代种植模式,深入探讨各替代模式的经济效益。结果表明,①研究区域小麦、水稻超标严重,传统稻麦轮作模式具有较高的生产风险;②从作物达标率来看,油菜、高粱、青菜、萝卜、胡豆、毛豆、薏仁、车前草、决明子适合作为替代作物;黄豆、花生、生姜、菊花、薄荷不适合作为替代作物;③车前草-毛豆轮作净利润、现金收益、成本利润率分别较传统稻麦轮作提升124%,123%,5.58%,优先推荐作为当地的替代种植模式。In view of the safety of agricultural products under the background of cadmium(Cd)pollution in farmland,this paper discusses the rules of Cd accumulation in different crops and the economic benefits of different planting modes,so as to provide scientific basis for the safe production of Cd polluted farmland.The farmland polluted by Cd was taken as the test site.In the first year,14 crops were selected to carry out the screening test of alternative crops,and the characteristics of Cd accumulation of agricultural products were systematically analyzed.In the second year,six alternative planting models were set up for alternative crops with a good rate of reaching the standard,and the economic benefits of each alternative model were discussed in depth.The results showed that:①The wheat and rice in the study area exceeded the standard seriously,and the traditional rice-wheat rotation mode had higher production risk.②From the perspective of Cd compliance rate of crops,rape,sorghum,green vegetables,radish,lentils,fresh soybeans,job tears,plantain grass,cassia seed are suitable as alternative crops;soybean,peanut,ginger,chrysanthemum and mint are not suitable as alternative crops.③The net profit,cash income and cost profit margin of plantain-fresh soybean rotation are 124%,123%and 5.58%higher than those of traditional rice-wheat rotation,respectively.It is preferred to be the local alternative planting mode.

关 键 词：镉污染农田 安全利用 替代作物 种植模式 经济效益 净利润 现金收益 

分 类 号：TQ440.9[化学工程—化学肥料工业] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]