微观审慎监管对商业银行盈利结构影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Micro-Prudential Regulation on the Profit Structure of Commercial Banks

作　　者：马新程 张新雨 Ma XinCheng;Zhang XinYu(Shandong university of technology)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学经济学院

出　　处：《金融发展评论》2023年第3期78-94,共17页Financial Development Review

摘　　要：商业银行在我国金融体系中处于举足轻重的地位,是影响我国经济平稳运行的重要因素。自金融危机和《巴塞尔协议Ⅲ》出台以来,商业银行资本监管趋严成为趋势,关于商业银行监管的研究受到广泛关注。本文采用FGLS方法,使用我国40家商业银行2008-2021年微观监管指标的年度数据,就资本监管对商业银行盈利结构的影响进行了实证分析。研究发现:总体上资本充足率、杠杆率和流动性比率对商业银行利息收入占比均起到了负向影响。其中,流动性比率对于中小商业银行盈利结构存在一定影响,而对资金充足的国有银行影响不大。杠杆率的监管既对资本充足率进行补充,也降低了银行风险敏感度,抑制了业务创新,这种作用对城商行较为明显。研究结论为商业银行和监管机构运营提供了理论支持和政策建议。Commercial banks are in a pivotal position in China's financial system and are an important factor affecting the smooth operation of China's economy.Since the financial crisis and the introduction of Basel III,the tightening of commercial bank capital regulation has become a trend,and research on commercial bank regulation has received widespread attention.This paper employs the FGLS method to conduct an empirical analysis of the impact of capital regulation on the earnings structure of commercial banks using annual data of micro-regulatory indicators of 40 commercial banks in China from 2008-2021.It is found that the capital adequacy ratio,leverage ratio and liquidity ratio all play a negative impact on the interest income share of commercial banks.Among them,the liquidity ratio has a certain impact on the earnings structure of small and medium-sized commercial banks,while it has little impact on well-capitalized state-owned banks.The regulation of the leverage ratio both supplements the capital adequacy ratio and reduces banks'risk sensitivity and inhibits business innovation,an effect that is more pronounced for urban commercial banks.The findings of the study provide theoretical support and policy recommendations for commercial banks and regulators to operate.

关 键 词：资本充足率 杠杆率 流动性比率 盈利结构 

分 类 号：F832.33[经济管理—金融学] F830.42