油菜亚油酸育种研究进展  

Research Progress of Linoleic Acid Breeding in Oilseed Rape

作　　者：谭敏[1] 甘晴琴 张振乾[1] 陈光尧 Tan Min;Gan Qingqin;Zhang Zhenqian;Chen Guangyao(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,410128;Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]袁隆平农业高科技股份有限公司,长沙410128

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第11期3713-3718,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：长沙市自然科学基金项目(kq2007015);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021NK2004)共同资助。

摘　　要：亚油酸为必需脂肪酸,是油菜脂肪酸重要组成成分,对人体有重要的医疗保健功能。随着人民生活水平改善,亚油酸也日益受到消费者的关注,油菜亚油酸育种研究也随之引起育种者的重视。本研究从杂交、诱变、倍性育种和现代技术育种等方面阐述种质资源创新及育种现状;在基因型和环境、多种脂肪酸含量的影响上对亚油酸合成及遗传机理做初步探讨;并在主、微效基因方面简要阐述了调控亚油酸合成的研究进展。中国相关研究起步较晚,目前油菜亚油酸优良品种与国外相比有一定差距。亚油酸含量受基因型和环境及多种脂肪酸含量等多因素影响。目前,对调控亚油酸合成相关基因的研究主要集中在FAD3基因,微效基因的挖掘较少。本研究通过阐述油菜亚油酸育种进展、亚油酸合成与遗传机理、相关基因的研究现状等方面研究进展,以期为中国油菜亚油酸育种提供参考。Linoleic acid,an essential fatty acid,is an important component of rapeseed fatty acids and has impor-tant health care functions for human body.With the improvement of people's living standards,there are more and more requirements for nutrition and health,and linoleic acid is increasingly paid attention to by consumers.As the largest self-produced oil crop in China,the research on linoleic acid breeding has gradually attracted the attention of breeders.In this research,the innovation and breeding status of germplasm resources are described from the as-pects of hybridization,mutagenesis,ploidy breeding and modern technology breeding.The genetic mechanism of linoleic acid synthesis was preliminarily discussed on the influence of genotype,environment and content of vari-ous fatty acids.In addition,the research progress of regulating linoleic acid synthesis in major and minor genes was briefly reviewed.The related research started late in China,and there is a certain gap between the superior va-rieties of linoleic acid in rapeseed and those in foreign countries.The content of linoleic acid was affected by many factors such as genotype,environment and the content of various fatty acids.At present,the research on genes re-lated to the regulation of linoleic acid synthesis is mainly focused on FAD3 gene,and the mining of micro-effect-ing genes is less.The progress of linoleic acid breeding in rapeseed,the synthesis and genetic mechanism,and re-lated genes were reviewed in this research to provide references for the rapeseed linoleic acid breeding in China.

关 键 词：亚油酸 油菜 育种 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]