不同地膜覆盖对冷凉区玉米根伤流液中含氮物强度的影响  

Effect of Different Plastic Film Mulching on Nitrogen Content in Maize Root Sap in Cold Area

作　　者：王俊鹏 历艳璐 于欣志 魏宏磊 赵洪祥[2] 边少锋[2] 张治安[1] Wang Junpeng;Li Yanlu;Yu Xinzhi;Wei Honglei;Zhao Hongxiang;Bian Shaofeng;Zhang Zhian(College of Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,130118;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun,130124)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,长春130124

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第11期3733-3741,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300205)资助。

摘　　要：为探究不同地膜覆盖对吉林省东部冷凉区玉米根系伤流液中含氮物含量和强度的影响,2019年在吉林省安图县松江镇南道村(42°32’N, 128°24’E)进行田间试验,以‘大德216’玉米品种为试验材料,设透明可降解地膜覆盖(D1)、透明不可降解地膜覆盖(D2)、黑色不可降解地膜覆盖(D3)和无地膜覆盖(D0)处理,分别于播种后50、65、90和105 d取根系伤流液,于实验室测定其硝态氮、氨态氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量,分析不同地膜覆盖下玉米根系伤流液中含氮物质含量和强度与产量的相关性。结果表明:两种透明地膜覆盖玉米产量显著高于无地膜覆盖和黑色地膜覆盖处理;地膜覆盖能显著增强玉米生长前期根伤流强度和伤流液中铵态氮、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白以及总含氮物质含量及强度,两种透明地膜覆盖比黑色地膜覆盖效果更显著;两种透明地膜覆盖下伤流液中总含氮物质强度比无地膜覆盖的提升了4.7倍,相比黑色地膜覆盖增加1.1倍;玉米生长前期根伤流强度和伤流液中总含氮物质强度与产量皆呈极显著正相关关系,相关系数达0.84~0.98。这说明冷凉区地膜覆盖能有效增加玉米根系吸收与代谢水平,其中以可降解透明地膜覆盖效果最佳。研究结果为其产量形成提供了物质基础。To investigate the effects of different plastic film mulching on the content and intensity of nitrogenous substances in the root bleeding saps of maize in the cool zone of eastern Jilin Province,a field experiment was conducted in 2019 in Nandao Village,Songjiang Town,Antu County,Jilin Province(42°32'N,128°24'E).'Dade216 maize variety was used as experimental material,and the root bleeding saps was collected at 50,65,90 and 105 d after sowing under transparent degradable plastic film mulching(D1),transparent non degradable plastic film mulching(D2),black plastic film mulching(D3)and no plastic film mulching(DO)treatments,respectively.The contents of nitrate nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,free amino acids and soluble protein were measured in laboratory,and the content of non degradable amino acids was analyzed under the same plastic film mulching,the absorption and transportation of nitrogen in maize root system were strong or weak.The results showed that the yield of maize under D1 and D2 treatments was significantly higher than that under DO and D3 treatments;the mulch significantly enhanced the intensity of root bleeding saps and the content and strength of ammonium nitrogen,free amino acids,soluble protein and total nitrogenous substances in the bleeding saps in the first stage of maize growth,and the effect of D1 and D2 treatments was more significant than that of D3 treatments;the intensity of total nitrogenous material in the bleeding saps under DI and D2 treatments was elevated by 4.7-fold compared to that of the DO treatment and increased by 1.1-fold compared to that of the D3 treatment.The correlation coefficients were 0.84~0.98,indicating that the cold zone mulch can effectively increase the root uptake and metabolism level of maize,formation,and the effect of degradable transparent plastic film mulching was the best.The results of the study provide a material basis for its yield formation.

关 键 词：玉米 伤流液 冷凉区 地膜覆盖 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]