社区生活圈视角下城市公园绿地暴露水平测度  

Evaluating the urban park green space exposure from the perspective of the community life circle

作　　者：张金光[1] 宋安琪 夏天禹 赵兵[1] ZHANG Jinguang;SONG Anqi;XIA Tianyu;ZHAO Bing(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期191-198,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20220410);教育部人文社科基金青年项目(22YJCZH237);江苏省高校自然科学基金面上项目(1020221108);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2022SJYB0162)。

摘　　要：【目的】社区生活圈是居民日常生活接触最密切的空间单元。评估生活圈内公园绿地的暴露水平,能够精准刻画居民与公共绿色资源日常交互场景,识别公园绿地服务盲点。【方法】选取南京市中心城区为实证案例,首先通过Isochrone应用程序编程接口(API)计算居住小区15 min步行等时圈,以此作为社区生活圈的划定依据;其次构建了一个涵盖数量、面积、距离和质量的系统性暴露水平测度体系来评估圈内公园绿地暴露度;最后,采用区位熵指数和Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*)指数分析公园绿地暴露度和人口之间的供需空间匹配度,以及公园绿地暴露冷点-热点居住小区的空间聚类分布。【结果】(1)南京城区居住小区的公园绿地暴露度存在空间分布不均衡性,城区内近一半的居住小区分布在公园绿地暴露的盲点(20.12%)和冷点(25.63%)区域;(2)区位熵指数表明研究区域内公园绿地暴露度与人口之间的空间匹配度失衡;(3)公园绿地暴露度呈现了显著的“圈层”结构聚类状态。【结论】研究成果可为细化城市绿地系统规划、促进公园绿地科学合理的配置提供理论和实践支撑。【Objective】The community life circle is the most basic spatial unit comprising residents􀆳daily lives.Assessing exposure to park green spaces(PGSs)within the community life circle can accurately portray daily interactions between urban residents and public green resources,thus identifying blind spots in PGS services.【Methed】In this study,we selected the central area of Nanjing city as a case study.First,the 15⁃minute walkable zone of the residential community was calculated using the isochrone as the basis for the demarcation of the community life circle.Additionally,a systematic exposure assessment framework covering quantity,area,distance and quality was constructed to assess the service capacity of PGSs within the walkable zone.Finally,the locational entropy and Getis⁃Ord G_(i)^(*) indexes were used to analyze the spatial match of supply and demand between PGS exposure and demand from residents,in addition to the spatial clustering distribution of PGS exposure within cold⁃hot spot communities.【Result】(1)An uneven spatial distribution of PGS exposure existed within urban residential areas,with 20.12%and 25.63%of the residential communities being located in the blind and cold spots,respectively.(2)The locational entropy index indicated that there was an imbalance within the spatial matching between PGS exposure and urban dwellers’demand.(3)The PGS exposure showed a significant“circle”structure clustering.【Conclusion】These findings provide theoretical support for refining the planning of urban green space systems while also promoting the scientific and reasonable allocation of PGS.

关 键 词：公园绿地 暴露度 冷-热点聚类分析 社区生活圈 空间匹配度 配置优化 南京 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]