智能制造装备闭式静压导轨的设计和试验  

Research on Design and Experimental of Closed Hydrostatic Guide for Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment

作　　者：门静 尚雪梅[1,2] 刘希 曹阳 王国平 贾谦 MEN Jing;SHANG Xuemei;LIU Xi;CAO Yang;WANG Guoping;JIA Qian(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University City College,Xi'an 710018,China;Engineering Research Center of Robot and Intelligent Manufacturing,Universities of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an Jiaotong University City College,Xi'an 710018,China;Guangdong Customs Technology Center,Guangzhou 510623,China;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学城市学院机械工程系,西安710018 [2]西安交通大学城市学院机器人与智能制造陕西省高校工程研究中心,西安710018 [3]广州海关技术中心,广州510623 [4]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器学院,西安710048

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2023年第2期134-138,共5页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：中国民办教育协会2022年度规划课题(学校发展类)资助项目(CANFZG22135)。

摘　　要：导轨是数控机床的重要组成部分,其承载性能和运行精度直接影响着加工的效果。针对非球面光学元件的加工需求,采用理论分析、数值仿真和试验相结合的方法,对精密数控铣磨床的Y轴导轨进行了设计、仿真和试验分析的系统研究。研究的静压导轨为闭式结构,导轨的滑块由四个不等油腔的对置油垫支承,节流方式选择毛细管节流。在设计时通过仿真分析了静压导轨承的载能力W、油膜刚度K和垂直端面跳动△y随面积比K_(A)和相对位移ε的变化,并根据仿真的结果对K_(A)的取值进行了选择。通过台架试验的方式对设计的导轨进行了运行精度的测试,测试指标为水平跳动△x和垂直跳动△y。试验的结果表明:在180mm的滑块行程s中,△x、△y值分布在(1~9)μm范围内,△x平均值为3.5μm,△y平均值为2.9μm。达到了设计的要求。Guide rail is an important part of intelligent manufacturing equipment.Its bearing performance and running accuracy directly affect the machining performance of intelligent manufacturing equipment.Starting from the high-efficiency and high-precision machining of intelligent manufacturing equipment,this paper selects static pressure as the support form of the guide rail,and carries out performance simulation and experimental analysis for the Y-axis guide rail.The hydrostatic guide rail studied is a closed structure.The sliding block of the guide rail is supported by four opposed oil pads with unequal oil cavities.The throttling mode is capillary throttling.The changes of bearing capacity W,oil film stiffness K and vertical end face runout△y of the hydrostatic guide rail with area ratio K_(A)and relative displacement are calculated,and the size of K_(A)is determined according to the calculation results.The running accuracy of the guide rail is tested on the guide rail test-bed.The test indices are horizontal runout△x and vertical runout△y.The test shows that the values of△x and△y are distributed in the range of 1μm~9μm in the stroke s of 180 mm slider;the average value of△x is 3.5μm,and the average value of△y is 2.9μm.The design of the guide rail has reached the design requirements.

关 键 词：智能制造装备 闭式静压导轨 承载能力 油膜刚度 运行精度 

分 类 号：TG595.1[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]