云南宜良不同季节红火蚁发生危害调查  

Investigation on the occurrence and damage of Solenopsis invicta in different seasons in Yiliang County,Yunnan Province

作　　者：张红梅[1] 尹艳琼[1] 王燕[1] 赵雪晴[1] 李向永[1] 谌爱东[1] 陈福寿[1] 刘莹 Zhang Hongmei;Yin Yanqiong;Wang Yan;Zhao Xueqing;Li Xiangyong;Chen Aidong;Chen Fushou;Liu Ying(Institute of Agriculture Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biologicai Invasions,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Kunming),Kunming6650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所/云南省农业跨境有害生物绿色防控重点实验室/农业农村部外来入侵生物防控重点实验室(昆明),云南昆明650205

出　　处：《植物检疫》2023年第3期58-61,共4页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1000500);云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AE090003);云南农业跨境重大有害生物协同绿色防控创新团队(202005AE16003);云南省财政专项(2022CZ002)。

摘　　要：红火蚁属于危害性很强的外来入侵物种,对农业生产和公共安全造成巨大的威胁。为了明确云南宜良不同季节红火蚁发生危害情况,本文在2018年采用目测法和称重法调查蚁巢中红火蚁数量,采用样方法调查红火蚁危害程度。结果表明:春季、夏季、秋季、冬季蚁巢体积没有显著性差异的情况下(F=0.964 3,P>0.05),不同季节蚁巢中红火蚁总数量、生殖蚁数量、职能蚁数量呈显著性差异(分别为F=50.466 5,P<0.05;F=88.231 4,P<0.05;F=48.101 5,P<0.05),夏季红火蚁总数量、生殖蚁数量和比例最高,分别为141 417头/巢、4 317头/巢、3.05%;其次是秋季。不同季节活蚁巢密度呈显著性差异(F=4.857 1,P<0.05),夏季和秋季活蚁巢密度分别为1.50个/100 m^(2)、1.25个/100 m^(2),危害程度重。综合来看,夏秋季是红火蚁数量、活蚁巢发生的高峰期。因此防治红火蚁的关键时间在夏秋季,给当地红火蚁防控技术提供科学依据。Solenopsis invicta Buren is a highly harmful alien invasive species,which poses a great threat to agricultural production and public safety.In order to clarify the occurrence and damage of S.invicta in different seasons in Yiliang,Yunnan Province,the visual method and weighing method were used to investigate the number of S.invicta in ant nests,and the damage degree of S.invicta was investigated by sample method in 2018.The results showed that the total number of S.invicta,the number of sexual ants and the number of sterile ants were significantly different in different seasons(F=50.4665,P<0.05;F=88.2314,P<0.05;F=48.1015,P<0.05,respectively)when there was no significant difference on the volume of nest in spring,summer,autumn and winter(F=0.9643,P<0.05).In summer,the total number of S.invicta,the number and proportion of sexual ants were the highest,which were 141417/nest,4317/nest and 3.05%,respectively.The second is autumn.The density of live ant nests in different seasons showed significant difference(F=4.8571,P<0.05),and the densitise of live ant nests in summer and autumn were 1.50/100 m^(2)and 1.25/100 m^(2),respectively,indicating a serious harm degree.In general,summer and autumn are the peak of S.invicta quantity and live ant nest.Therefore,the key time for S.invicta prevention and control is summer and autumn,which provides scientific basis for local S.invicta prevention and control technology.

关 键 词：宜良 红火蚁 季节 危害调查 危害等级 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]