2012—2021年四川省伤寒副伤寒流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：郝彩霞[1] 刘雅琼[1] 廖雪春[1] 袁珩[1] HAO Caixia;LIU Yaqiong;LIAO Xuechun;YUAN Heng(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第5期465-470,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析2012—2021年四川省伤寒副伤寒流行病学特征和变化趋势,为疫情防控提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测系统中导出2012—2021年四川省伤寒副伤寒相关数据,采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)和趋势χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2012—2021年四川省累计报告伤寒副伤寒病例3288例,死亡2例,发病率为0.40/10万,总病死率为0.061%,总体发病率呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=174.98,P<0.001)。每月均有病例报告,发病高峰为每年5—10月;5岁以下儿童发病数较多,占病例总数的22.35%,0-岁组发病率最高,为3.27/10万;职业分布中农民占病例总数的46.75%,其次是儿童(24.45%)和学生(11.59%);地区发病水平差异明显,发病率居前3的依次是凉山州,攀枝花和成都,凉山州的高发病率是四川省伤寒副伤寒发病上升的主要原因。结论2012—2021年四川省伤寒副伤寒整体处于低发病率水平,以散发为主,5岁以下儿童是防控重点人群,应在高发季节前对重点地区重点人群采取综合性防控措施,进一步降低发病。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021,and to provide scientific evidence for epidemic prevention and control.Methods The data of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021 were derived from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and Chi-square test was used to compare rates.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 3288 typhoid and paratyphoid fever cases,including 2 deaths,were reported in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021.The incidence rate was 0.40/105 and the fatality rate was 0.061%.The overall incidence showed an upward trend(χ^(2) trend=174.98,P<0.001).Cases were reported every month.One peak of incidence was observed from May to October every year.The number of cases in children under the age of 5 was higher,accounting for 22.35%of the total number of cases.The highest incidence was in the 0-year-old group,with an incidence rate of 3.27/105.Farmers accounted for 46.75%of the total cases,followed by children(24.45%)and students(11.59%).The incidence rates of different regions were significantly different.Liangshan Prefecture,Panzhihua City and Chengdu City ranked the top three in terms of incidence.The high incidence in Liangshan Prefecture was the main reason for the increase of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Sichuan Province.Conclusions The overall incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021 was low and sporadic.Children under the age of 5 are the key groups for prevention and control.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken for key groups in key areas before the high incidence seasons to further reduce the incidence.

关 键 词：伤寒副伤寒 描述流行病学 流行特征 四川省 防制措施 

分 类 号：R516.3[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]