微生物群系与动物消化道营养  

Gut microbiome and gastrointestinal nutrition in animals

作　　者：慕春龙 李轩 吴海琴 柳思强 余凯凡 朱伟云 MU ChunLong;LI Xuan;WU HaiQin;LIU SiQiang;YU KaiFan;ZHU Weiyun(National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health,Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院消化道微生物研究室,江苏省消化道营养与动物健康重点实验室,动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心,南京210095

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2023年第5期626-636,共11页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:32030104,31430082)资助项目。

摘　　要：消化道包括口腔、胃和肠道,是机体消耗能量的主要场所;消化道内营养素的消化、代谢和吸收是保障胃肠道结构功能的基础,也是动物机体生长和发育的前提.胃肠道内食物、微生物和肠壁互作,保障了肠道上皮细胞营养和肠道微生物营养,构成了动态的消化道营养系统.消化道特别是肠道的肠腔和肠黏膜存在丰富的微生物群落,包括细菌、真菌、古菌、病毒等,共同构成了肠道微生物群系.肠道微生物群系参与代谢机体摄入的营养素和非营养素类物质,通过调节消化道内营养素的转化、吸收和排出等过程,影响机体内的营养分配.本文主要聚焦胃肠道,综述了微生物群系与动物消化道营养的研究进展,为研究微生物群系和营养互作提供参考.The gastrointestinal tract,containing of oral cavity,stomach,and intestinal tract,is a major location of consuming energy.The metabolism and absorption of nutrients in gut are fundamental to preserve the gastrointestinal structure and function,which is also a critical prerequisite for growth and development in animals.The interaction between food,gut microbes,and lumen-mucosa interface promotes the nutrition for gut epithelium and microbes,and constitutes the dynamic factors responsible for gastrointestinal nutrition.The gut lumen and mucosa contain an abundant group of microflora,including bacteria,fungi,archaea,and viruses,all of which are essential components of the gut microbiome.The gut microbiome is actively involved in the metabolism of nutrients and nonnutritional substrates from diet.By regulating the transformation,absorption,and excretion of intestinal nutrients,the gut microbiome is able to affect the holistic nutrient distribution.This review focuses on the gastrointestinal tract,and summarizes the advance on the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal nutrition in animals,aiming to provide references for investigating the microbiome-nutrient interaction.

关 键 词：微生物群系 小肠 大肠 消化道营养 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]