同源异境视野下梅县客家方言精知庄章组声母的百年演变  

The Centenary Evolution of the Jing、Zhi、Zhuang、Zhang Initial Group of Meixian Hakka Dialect from the Perspective of the Cognate Dialect in Different Language Environments

作　　者：陆露 LU-lu

机构地区：[1]集美大学,福建厦门361021 [2]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2023年第2期69-86,128,共19页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“湖南及周边省区汉语虚词时空立体研究及数据库建设”(21&ZD291);国家社科基金一般项目“地理语言学视角下闽南客家方言音韵研究”(22BYY100)。

摘　　要：精知庄章组声母的分化与合流是汉语语音史研究中的重要命题,也是反映客家方言声母共时差异及历时演变的重要窗口。文章借助16种同源异境方言语料,重新探求梅县客家话精知庄章组声母的原初状态及演变过程,认为:百年前梅县客家话精知庄章组声母有两套系统,呈现精知二庄、知三章分立的格局;由于系统内部制约兼及外部环境影响,语言结构集聚到一定条件下发生同类变化,这四组声母在近半个世纪内于不同地域均合流为一组,读为[ts ts"s]。由于合并削弱了语音系统的区别性,继之又产生了新的分化,从而重新构建了整个音系的区别指标。The differentiation and confluence of the vowels of the Jing、Zhi、Zhuang、Zhang Group is an important proposition in the study of Chinese phonetic history,and it is also an important window to reflect the synchronic differences and diachronic evolution of the Hakka dialect.With the help of 16 homologous and heterogeneous dialect materials,this paper re-explores the original state and evolution process of the Jing、Zhi、Zhuang、Zhang initial group of Meixian Hakka dialect and believes that there were two sets of system a hundred years ago,showing a pattern of separation of Jing Zhi-erZhuang and Zhi-san Zhang chapters.Due to the internal constraints of the system and the external environmental influence,the language structure is concentrated under certain conditions and undergoes similar changes,and these four groups of initial have been merged into a group in different regions in the past half century,read as[ts ts^(h)s].As the merger weakens the differentiation of the speech system,it follows in a new differentiation,thus reconstructing the differentiating indicators of the entire phonology.

关 键 词：梅县客家话 精知庄章组声母 同源异境 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]