城市信用水平与中国制造业企业出口:来自城市失信人的经验证据  

City Social Dishonest and Chinese Manufacturing Firms'Exports:Empirical Evidence from Urban Defaulters

作　　者：何欢浪[1] 耿若璇 任岩 HE Huanlang;GENG Ruoxuan;REN Yan

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸学院 [2]暨南大学经济学院

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2023年第5期104-119,M0004,共17页World Economy Studies

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神重大项目暨国家社会科学基金重大项目“构建面向全球的高标准自由贸易区网络研究”(项目编号:22ZDA062)的资助。

摘　　要：文章采用最高人民法院公布的失信被执行人数据构建中国城市的信用水平指标,研究其对中国制造业企业出口的影响,并探究其主要的作用机制。研究发现:第一,城市失信被执行人数量的增加不利于企业出口,城市失信企业与规模以上工业企业之比每上升1%,企业出口额下降约1.0600%,城市每万人中失信自然人数增加1%,企业出口额降低约0.0419%。第二,中间机制检验显示,社会失信增加会加剧企业融资约束水平,提高企业融资成本,也会增加企业交易成本,降低企业的交易效率,不利于企业专业化分工,融资困难和生产服务的内部化都不利于企业出口。第三,异质性研究表明,民营企业、规模较小企业和东部地区所在企业的出口更易受到地区失信水平的影响,城市异地失信人数比例越高越不利于企业出口。研究表明,中央和地方政府应继续完善中国社会信用体系,将非正式制度正式化,进而提升城市信用水平,更好地发挥其在稳外贸中的作用。This paper uses industrial enterprises in 283 prefecture-level cities in China from 2000 to 2013 as a research sample,constructs social dishonest level indicators of Chinese cities using data on defaulted executors published by the Supreme People's Court,investigates their effects on Chinese manufacturing firms'exports,and explores the main mechanisms of their action.The study findings are as follows.First,the increase in the number of defaulted executors in cities is detrimental to enterprise exports,and for every 1%increase in the ratio of defaulted enterprises to industrial enterprises above the scale in cities,enterprise exports decrease by about 1.0600%,and for every 1%increase in the natural number of defaulted individuals per 10,000 people in cities,enterprise exports decrease by about 0.0419%.Second,the mechanism test shows that an increase in social distrust will aggravate the level of corporate financing constraints and increase the cost of corporate financing,which is detrimental to corporate specialization and division of labor,and both financing difficulties and more internalization of production services are detrimental to corporate exports.Third,heterogeneity studies show that the exports of private enterprises,smaller enterprises and enterprises located in the eastern region are more likely to be affected by the level of regional default,and the higher the proportion of urban heterogeneous defaulters is also more detrimental to corporate exports.The research in this paper implies that the central and local governments should continue to improve China's social credit system,formalize the informal system,and thus improve the level of urban credit to better play its role in stabilizing foreign trade.

关 键 词：城市信用水平 失信被执行人 企业出口 融资 分工 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济] F752.62[政治法律—政治学] D64[政治法律—中外政治制度]