北魏设立广州及其防御格局的转换  

The Establishment of Guangzhou in the NorthernWei Dynasty and the Transformation of Its Defensive Pattern

作　　者：谢振华 Xie Zhenhua(School of History and Culture,Shandong University,250100)

机构地区：[1]山东大学历史文化学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2023年第2期76-84,共9页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“地名移动视域下的北朝民族融合研究”(22CZS013)。

摘　　要：北魏末年因徙蛮政策失当,引发荆蛮外叛。平定李洪叛乱后,北魏设立南广州。永安元年,费穆解荆州之围,北魏调整南疆区划,在南广州基础上,分荆、司之地置广州。因间隔甚短,致使《魏书·地形志》南广州与广州并存,且所领郡县多有重合。北魏分裂后,广州倒向西魏,成为洛阳滞留贵族入关的枢纽,防御重心即由抗拒晋阳威逼转换为遏制东魏西进,由此卷入东西势力角逐中,因而反复易手。武定五年,侯景叛东魏,将广州献给西魏,东魏遂将广州治所从鲁阳迁至襄城。通观北魏置广州及迁治的过程,其防御格局的转换与中国政治格局从“南北”转向“东西”同步,隐含着内陆边疆的变迁史。In the last years of the Northern Wei Dynasty,the policy of emigrating the barbarians was improper,which led to the rebellion of the Jingman(荆蛮).After suppressed Li Hong’s rebellion,the Northern Wei Dynasty established Southern Guangzhou.In the first year of Yong’an(永安),Fei Mu(费穆)relieved the siege of Jingzhou(荆州),and the Northern Wei Dynasty adjusted the division of Southern border.Due to the short interval,Southern Guangzhou and Guangzhou coexisted in the record of Wei Shu(魏书),and most of the prefectures and counties in Southern Guangzhou and Guangzhou were overlapped.After the split of the Northern Wei Dynasty,Guangzhou turned to the Western Wei Dynasty and became the hub for the stranded nobles in Luoyang to migrate into the Guannei(关内).The focus of defense was changed from resisting the threat of Jinyang(晋阳)to curbing the westward advance of the Eastern Wei Dynasty,which made Guangzhou fall into the warfare between the East Wei Dynasty and the West Wei Dynasty.In the fifth year of Wuding(武定),Hou Jing(侯景)rebelled against the Eastern Wei Dynasty and dedicated Guangzhou to the Western Wei Dynasty.The Eastern Wei Dynasty then moved the capital of Guangzhou from Luyang(鲁阳)to Xiangcheng(襄城).The process of the establishment of Guangzhou and its relocation in the Northern Wei Dynasty shows that the transformation of its defensive structure was associated with the changes from North-south to East-west of China’s political structure,implying the history of changes in the inland frontier.

关 键 词：北魏广州 荆蛮 侯景 防御格局 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]