液体气溶胶抑制受限空间内烃类挥发的实验研究  

Experimental study of inhibition of hydrocarbon volatilization by liquid aerosol in confined space

作　　者：周日峰 程庆利 杨珂 贾光 ZHOU Rifeng;CHENG Qingli;YANG Ke;GUANG Jia(SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Company Limited,Qingdao 266000,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Controlfor Chemicals,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,青岛266000 [2]化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,青岛266000

出　　处：《火灾科学》2023年第1期12-18,共7页Fire Safety Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51176179和51036007)。

摘　　要：在含有残留油品的受限空间内作业时,易发生油气燃爆事故。利用两性离子型氟碳表面活性剂组分制备了具有低表面张力的抑爆剂溶液,能够在易挥发烃类液体表面自由铺展成液膜,从而对烃类液体形成液封,抑制油气挥发。利用超细雾化装置,能够将抑爆剂溶液雾化形成液体气溶胶,气力输送至受限空间内。实验验证了受限空间内液体气溶胶中的微小液滴能够沉积在残留油品的表面形成液封,同时液滴和液膜的气液界面能够吸收空间内的油气分子,从而降低空间内的油气浓度。研究证明,利用抑爆剂液体气溶胶混合物来置换含残留油品受限空间内的油气,能够将受限空间内的油气浓度长久维持在10%LEL(Lower Explosion Limit)以下,降低空间内油气燃爆风险。When working in a confined space containing residual oil,combustion and explosion accidents are easy to occur.In this work,an explosison-proof solution with low surface tension was prepared using components of amphoteric fluorocarbon surfactant.The explosion-proof solution can spread freely on the surface of volatile hydrocarbon liquid to form a film,forming a liquid seal for volatilization inhibiting the hydrocarbon liquid.By the ultrafine atomization device,the explosion-proof solution can be atomized to form a liquid aerosol,which can be transported to the confined space by the pneumatic conveying method.It is verified by experiments that the droplets in the liquid aerosol could deposit on the oil surface to form a liquid seal to inhibit oil volatilization.Meanwhile,the gas-liquid interface of the droplets or film can absorb oil gas molecules in the confined space,reducing the concentration of oil gas in the confined space.Research shows that the oil gas concentration in the confined space containing residual oil can be maintained below 10%LEL(Lower Explosion Limit)for a long time,when the oil gas in the confined space containing residual oil is replaced by the mixture of the liquid aerosol.The explosion-proof solution can help to achieve the purpose of explosion-proof in the confined space containing residual oil.

关 键 词：受限空间 抑爆 液体气溶胶 超细雾化 液封 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]