中华传统德刑观的历史演变及其当代启示  

On the Traditional Chinese View on Morality and Punishment:Its Historical Evolution and Contemporary Implications

作　　者：何显兵[1] He Xianbing

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2023年第2期143-156,共14页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：中华传统德刑观,自先秦诸子的论战至汉代,逐渐确立了先德后刑、德主刑辅的总体观念;经三国两晋南北朝的演化,至唐确立了德本刑用、礼刑结合的正统观念;宋代朱熹从理学出发,将传统德刑关系改造为明刑弼教、德刑并重,并成为明清的官方主导思想。以中华传统德刑观为历史借鉴,当代中国构建轻罪体系应以德法共治理念确立慎刑观,从而破除对刑法的过度迷信,同时以良法善治理念确立恤刑观,从而规范犯罪的附随后果。The view on the relationship between morality and punishment in ancient China,proceeding from the debate among the philosophers in the pre-Qin period,gradually developed into the concept of“morality first,punishment second”in the Han Dynasty.With this concept developing through the Three Kingdoms,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,and Tang Dynasty,the ancient Chinese people established the orthodox view that morality is essential and punishment is a form,with a combination of rituals and punishment.In the Song Dynasty,starting from Neo-Confucianism Zhu Xi transformed this view by emphasizing the integration of punishment and education with equal importance given to both,and this new view finally became the official ideology in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.This historical evolution of the view on the relationship between morality and punishment in ancient China can provide valuable guidance for constructing a contemporary Chinese misdemeanor system.Taking this as a historical reference,China today should build a misdemeanor system by establishing a prudent view on punishment with the concept of joint governance of virtue and law,so as to break the excessive superstition about criminal law,while establishing a compassionate view on punishment informed by the concept of good governance of good law,so as to regulate the accompanying consequences of crime.

关 键 词：法律文化 刑罚观 德刑观 历史演变 轻罪体系 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]