2021年甘肃省尿标本病原菌分布及耐药性  

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens from urine specimens in Gansu Province in 2021

作　　者：王雯婕 景玉洁 崔亚丽 焦凤媛 魏莲花[1] WANG Wen-jie;JING Yu-jie;CUI Ya-li;JIAO Feng-yuan;WEI Lian-hua(Laboratory Center,Gansu Provincial Hospital,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Public Health,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人民医院检验中心,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2023年第6期637-645,共9页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960385);甘肃省医学检验临床医学研究中心(21JR7RA676)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2021年甘肃省医院临床尿标本分离病原菌的分布特点及耐药情况。方法 收集甘肃省2021年细菌耐药监测网成员单位临床尿标本病原菌的耐药监测资料,根据临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)2021版标准判断药物敏感性,应用WHONET 5.6软件进行数据统计分析。结果 2021年尿标本中纳入分析的细菌共13 980株,革兰阴性菌占76.5%(10 692株),革兰阳性菌占23.5%(3 288株)。男性患者检出菌株占40.5%(5 656株),女性患者占59.5%(8 324株)。耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的检出率较高,男性患者中>30%。大肠埃希菌和奇异变形杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率>75%。铜绿假单胞菌对碳青霉烯类的耐药率<10%。肠球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替考拉宁耐药率<2%。粪肠球菌对氨苄西林的耐药率<20%,屎肠球菌对氨苄西林的耐药率>85%。结论 不同性别患者尿标本检出病原菌分布及耐药率均有不同,临床可根据本地区耐药监测情况规范、合理使用抗菌药物。Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical urine specimens from hospitals in Gansu Province in 2021.Methods Pathogenic bacteria antimicrobial resistance monitoring data of clinical urine specimens from member units of the Gansu Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network in 2021 were collected.Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(2021 edition).Data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.Results In 2021,a total of 13980 bacterial strains from urine specimens were included in the analysis,with Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria accounting for 76.5%(10692 strains)and 23.5%(3288 strains),respectively.40.5%(5656 strains)and 59.5%(8324 strains)bacterial strains were isolated from male and female patients,respectively.Isolation rate of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was relatively high,with a resistance rate of>30%in male patients.Resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis to ampicillin were>75%.Resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to carbapenems was<10%.Resistance rate of Enterococcus to vancomycin,linezolid and teicoplanin was<2%.Resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium to ampicillin were<20%and>85%,respectively.Conclusion The distribution and antimicrobial resistance rate of pathogens in urine specimens from different genders are varied.Clinical antimicrobial use can be stan-dardized and rationalized according to the local antimicrobial resistance monitoring data.

关 键 词：尿标本 耐药性 抗菌药物 耐药监测 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]