地膜覆盖对不同砧穗组合苹果苗木生长的影响及成本分析  

Effect of Plastic Film Mulching on Growth and Cost Analysis of Apple Seedlings with Different Stock and Ear Combinations

作　　者：王淼 曹珊[2] 刘丽媛 李高潮[1] 陈善美 WANG Miao;CAO Shan;LIU Liyuan;LI Gaochao;CHEN Shanmei(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Horticultural Experiment Station,Yintai District,Tongchuan,Shaanxi 727000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]铜川市印台区园艺工作站,陕西铜川727000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2023年第5期18-20,共3页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西北农林科技大学吉尔吉斯斯坦海外农业科技示范园建设项目(HWJD202203);陕西省重大项目—苹果现代科技示范基地建设-渭北南部苹果产业带矮化集约栽培科技示范基地建设(2020ZDZX03-06-01)。

摘　　要：研究旨在探讨地膜覆盖在不同砧穗组合上的应用。以2年生苹果砧穗组合(华硕/M9-T337、瑞雪/M9-T337)为试验材料,研究不同砧穗组合苹果苗木地膜覆盖的效果。结果表明:①华硕/M9-T337地膜覆盖后苗木高度、粗度分别增加了14.41%、13.5%,分枝长度和分枝粗度分别提升了60.4%、22.6%,最低分枝高度上升了6.4%。②瑞雪/M9-T337地膜覆盖后苗木高度提升了6.9%,苗木粗度、分枝粗度和最低分枝高度均有升高,但总体生长与不覆膜相比差异不显著。③地膜覆盖可抑制杂草生长,降低苗木管理成本,减少费用948.5元/667m^(2)。综合分析表明,地膜覆盖利于不同砧穗组合苗木生长,提高了苗木质量,建议苹果大苗培育过程采用地膜覆盖技术。The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plastic film mulching on various combinations of apple stock and ear.Specifically,the study examined the impact of mulching on apple seedlings with different stock and ear combinations utilizing test materials of 2-year-old apple stock and ear combinations(Huashuo/M9-T337,Ruixue/M9-T337).Results indicated that mulching Huashuo/M9-T337 led to a 14.41%increase in seedling height,a 13.5%increase in seedling thickness,a 60.4%increase in branch length,a 22.6%increase in branch thickness,and a 6.4%increase in the height of the lowest branch.On the other hand,covering Ruixue/M9-T337 with plastic film resulted in a 6.9%increase in seedling height,as well as increases in seedling and branch thickness and the height of the lowest branch.However,the overall growth did not significantly differ from that without plastic film.Additionally,mulching with plastic film effectively suppressed weed growth,decreased seedling management costs,and lowered the cost by 948.5 yuan/667m^(2).The extensive analysis showed that plastic film mulching is advantageous for the growth of seedlings with varying stock and ear combinations,and enhances the quality of seedlings.Therefore,it is recommended that the cultivation process of large apple seedlings should incorporate plastic film mulching technology.

关 键 词：地膜覆盖 苹果 砧穗组合 苗木生长 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]