麦二叉蚜过冷却能力和低温存活率研究  

Supercooling Capacity and Survival Rate under Low Temperature in Schizaphis graminum(Rondani)(Hemiptera:Aphididae)

作　　者：解锋[1] XIE Feng(Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2023年第5期78-81,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为弄清麦二叉蚜耐寒性,研究分析了1龄若蚜和无翅成蚜的过冷却能力和低温存活率,结果发现:麦二叉蚜1龄若蚜的过冷点和结冰点分别为-26.7±0.68℃和-26.3±0.70℃,均显著低于无翅成蚜的过冷点(-22.8±3.85℃)和结冰点(-19.3±3.80℃),且1龄若蚜的过冷却点和结冰点波动范围较小,分别在-27.7~-24.7℃和-27.5~-24.4℃之间,而无翅成蚜的过冷却点和结冰点波动范围较大,分别在-26.7~-14.2℃和-24.7~-11.6℃之间。与此同时,低温存活率结果发现,1龄若蚜80%死亡率的温度是10℃左右,无翅成蚜80%死亡率的温度是-9℃左右,表明麦二叉蚜耐寒性较强,而且1~龄若蚜的耐寒能力较无翅成蚜强。The aim of this study was to determin the cold tolerance of the wheat aphid Schizaphis graminum,by examing the supercooling capacity and survival rate under low temperature of the 1st instar nymph and wingless adult.Result showed that the super-cooling point and freezing point of 1st instar nymph were significantly lower than those of wingless adult.The super-cooling point and freezing point of the 1st instar nymph were-26.7±0.68℃and-26.3±0.70℃,respectively,whie those of the wingless adult were-22.8±3.85℃and-19.3±3.80℃,respectively.The super-cooling points and the freezing points of the 1st instar nymphs of S.graminum exhibited a small fluctuation from-27.7 to-24.7℃and from-27.5 to-24.4℃,respectively,while those of the wingless adults showed a large fluctuation from-26.7 to-14.2℃and from-24.7 to-11.6℃,respectively.Survival rate analysis showed that the-10℃and-9℃caused 80 mortality in the 1st instar nymph and the wingless adult,respectively.These results suggest that S.graminum has strong cold tolerance and the capacity of the 1st instar nymphs is stronger than that of wingless adults.

关 键 词：麦二叉蚜 过冷却点 结冰点 存活 极端低温 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]