微生物利用CO_(2) 的研究进展  

Progress of carbon dioxide utilization by microorganisms

作　　者：常俊柯 李海健 周化岚[1] 张建国[1] CHANG Junke;LI Haijian;ZHOU Hualan;ZHANG Jianguo(Institute of Food Science and Engineering,School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院食品科学与工程研究所,上海200093

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2023年第3期245-254,共10页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870045);上海市科技创新行动计划(22dz1205800)。

摘　　要：微生物利用CO_(2),这不仅提高了自然界碳的利用率,而且能将CO_(2)转化为高附加值产品,可以实现资源的再利用。利用现代生物技术改造微生物以提高CO_(2)的利用效率对生物制造和实现碳中和有一定的促进作用。本文首先总结了微生物利用CO_(2)的6个主要天然途径,并分析这些途径的优缺点,这是对相关途径进行改造的基础;其次提供克服天然途径中碳原子利用率低、能耗高、产品得率低等问题的方法;再次阐述了面向CO_(2)高效利用的合成生物技术研究方向以及途径改造的主要策略和效果;最后展望了微生物利用CO_(2)的机遇及挑战,以期为改造微生物提高CO_(2)利用效率和高附加值产品的生产奠定基础。Carbon dioxide utilization by microorganisms not only contributes to the efficiency of natural carbon fixation,but also produces value-added chemicals through resource recycling.Carbon dioxide utilization improvement through modern biotechnologies demonstrates a positive influence on bio-manufacturing and carbon neutral.In this article,6 natural pathways with their characters for carbon dioxide utilization in microbes are summarized firstly,which paves the road for pathway reconstruction in the future based on the analysis of advantages and disadvantages of pathways.Secondly,in the view of low efficiency of carbon dioxide utilization,high energy consumption,low productivity of high value-added chemicals of natural pathways,major approaches of overcoming those shortages and research directions are suggested with the strategies of synthetic biology and expected effects.Finally,an outlook about major opportunities and challenges on the way of carbon dioxide utilization are provided,which builds a solid base for efficient carbon dioxide utilization and high valued-added chemicals production in the future.

关 键 词：CO_(2) 代谢工程 自养微生物 异养微生物 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]