中国部分地区2019-2021年出生儿童乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种及时性和接种间隔分析  

Timeliness and inter-dose intervals of hepatitis B vaccine in children born between 2019 and 2021 in several areas of China

作　　者：张雪 黄澳迪 李平[1] 唐林 黄丽芳[2] 安婧[3] 李军[4] 张肖肖[4] 郑徽[1] 尹遵栋[1] 王富珍[1] Zhang Xue;Huang Aodi;Li Ping;Tang Lin;Huang Lifang;An Jing;Li Jun;Zhang Xiaoxiao;Zheng Hui;Yin Zundong;Wang Fuzhen(National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,China;Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China;Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350000 [3]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730030 [4]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2023年第2期209-214,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：中国CDC公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(131031001000150001)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国部分地区儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种及时性和接种间隔。方法通过省级免疫规划信息管理系统收集3个省6个县(市、区)2019-2021年出生儿童3剂次HepB(HepB_(1)、HepB_(2)和HepB_(3))接种信息,分析HepB_(1)在出生后≤1d和HepB_(3)在<12月龄接种比例以及各剂次HepB接种间隔。结果共纳入2019-2021年出生儿童111366名,HepB_(1)在出生后≤1d接种比例为96.39%,其中低出生体重儿、早产儿分别为59.02%、71.41%;HepB_(3)在<12月龄接种比例为97.75%,其中低出生体重儿、早产儿分别为96.17%、94.11%。调查儿童HepB_(2)与HepB_(1)接种间隔>60d、HepB_(3)与HepB_(2)接种间隔>180d的比例分别为10.59%、23.86%。结论调查地区2019-2021年出生儿童HepB_(1)在出生后≤1d和HepB_(3)在<12月龄接种比例总体保持较高水平,但在低出生体重儿和早产儿中偏低。需继续加强新生儿特别是早产儿和低出生体重儿HepB接种工作。Objective To analyze the timeliness and inter-dose intervals of hepatitis B vaccine(HepB)among children in several areas of China.Methods We obtained vaccination data for three doses of HepB(HepB_(1),HepB_(2),and HepB_(3))among children born between 2019 and 2021 in six counties of three provinces from provincial immunization program information management systems.We analyzed the proportion of HepB_(1)doses given within one day after birth,the proportion of HepB_(3)doses given before 12 months of age,and intervals between doses.Results A total of 111366 children born between 2019 and 2021 were included.The proportion of HepB,doses given within one day after birth was 96.39%among all infants and was 59.02%for low-birth-weight infants and 71.41%for premature infants;97.75%of children received HepB_(3)by 12 months of age,96.17%for low birth weight infants and 94.11%for premature infants;10.59%of children received HepB_(2)>60 days after HepB_(1),and 23.86%of children received HepB_(3)>180 days after HepB_(2).Conclusions The percent of children receiving HepB_(3)within one day after birth and HepB,within 12 months were generally high among children born between 2019 and 2021 in the study areas,but low among low-birth-weight and premature infants.It is necessary to strengthen HepB vaccination for newborns,especially low-birth-weight and premature infants.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 预防接种 及时性 间隔 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R183[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]