2018-2022年广州市越秀区肺结核流行状况分析  

Epidemiological analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis at Yuexiu District,Guangzhou from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：梁志强[1] 刘国标[1] 陈其琛[1] 杜雨华[1] 吴桂锋[1] 雷宇[1] 包婉玲[1] 李华 刘志辉[1] Liang Zhiqiang;Liu Guobiao;Chen Qichen;Du Yuhua;Wu Guifeng;Lei Yu;Bao Wanling;Li Hua;Liu Zhihui(Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市胸科医院,广州510095

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2023年第12期1661-1666,共6页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“病原学与防疫技术体系研究”重点专项(2022YFC2304800);广州市医学重点学科结核病学项目(2021-2023)。

摘　　要：目的明晰广州市越秀区结核病流行特征,为科学制定区域性结核病控制措施提供科学依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“结核病管理信息系统”中导出广州市越秀区2018—2022年结核患者网报资料,以2020年第7次全国人口普查人口学资料数据为参照,分析该地区5年间性别、年龄、各街道的肺结核报告发病率和各年度不同月份报告病例数的年度百分比,同时分析其5年变化趋势。结果5年间,全区共报告2504例肺结核,其中菌阳1426例、菌阴1078例,初治2337例、复治167例,肺结核报告发病率为48.22/100000。2018—2022年肺结核报告发病率分别为51.89/100000、49.39/100000、47.27/100000、49.58/100000、42.94/100000,男性分别为女性的2.07、1.84、2.03、1.74、1.91倍。0~、≥15~、≥25~、≥35~、≥45~、≥55~、≥65~和≥75~岁8个年龄组中,5年平均报告发病率分别为1.55/100000、44.31/100000、47.16/100000、30.98/100000、46.57/100000、75.05/100000、79.22/100000、98.28/100000、48.22/100000,5年间各年龄组报告发病率变化趋势与5年平均报告发病率变化大体一致。在病例报告时间上,5年间各月份报告病例数年度占比的总体水平在5.12%~11.50%之间,2月份与10月份病例报告病例数较少、9月份报告病例数最多为各年度的共同特点。各街道5年总体肺结核报告发病率在30.14/100000~64.05/100000之间,排位前5的街道分别为珠光街(64.05/100000)、人民街(62.48/100000)、矿泉街(60.13/100000)、光塔街(59.70/100000)和北京街(58.67/100000);依5年间肺结核报告发病率差异由大到小排位前5的街道分别为流花街、光塔街、北京街、人民街和大东街。结论广州市越秀区5年间结核病发病率低于广州地区水平,但下降幅度较小,结核病控制力度需要大力加强。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis at Yuexiu District,Guangzhou and to provide scientific basis for the development of regional tuberculosis control strategies and measures.Methods The online reported data of tuberculosis patients at Yuexiu District,Guangzhou from 2018 to 2022 were derived from"Tuberculosis Management Information System"of"China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention".Based on the demographic data of the seventh national population census in 2020,the reported incidence rates of tuberculosis by gender,age,and sub-district in the five years and the annual percentage of the reported cases in different months in each year were descriptively analyzed.Their five-year change trends were also analyzed.Results A total of 2504 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis,including 1426 pathogenic positive cases and 1078 pathogenic negative cases and 2337 cases of initial treatment and 167 cases of re-treatment,were reported in the whole district during the five years.The reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 48.22/100000.From 2018 to 2022,the reported incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis were 51.89/100000,49.39/100000,47.27/100000,49.58/100000,and 42.94/100000,respectively;those of the males were 2.07,1.84,2.03,1.74,and 1.91 times those of the females.The 5-year average reported incidence rates of the 0-,≥15-,≥25-,≥35-,≥45-,≥55-,≥65-,and≥75-years old groups were 1.55/100000,44.31/100000,47.16/100000,30.98/100000,46.57/100000,75.05/100000,79.22/100000,98.28/100000,and 48.22/100000,respectively;the change trends of these rates in the 8 age groups in the five years were roughly the same as that of the 5-year average reported incidence rate.In terms of case reporting time,the percentages of the number of cases reported in each month to that of a year ranged from 5.12%to 11.50%in the five years.It was the most common feature of each year that the numbers of the reported cases in February and October were relatively small,and the number of

关 键 词：肺结核 流行病学 发病率 广州 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]