中药活性成分异源仿生合成——中药资源保护与开发新模式  

Heterologous biomimetic synthesis of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine:a new mode for protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine resources

作　　者：王洁 戴住波[1] WANG Jie;DAI Zhu-bo(Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin 300308,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所,天津300308 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第9期2284-2297,共14页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：合成生物学海河实验室颠覆性创新(人才)类项目(22HHSWSS00026);国家重点研发计划“合成生物学”重点专项(2018YFA0903700,2020YFA090800)。

摘　　要：中药活性成分异源仿生合成是一种新的资源获取模式,在中药资源保护与开发过程中展现出巨大的潜力。基于合成生物学理论,通过构建微生物仿生细胞的方式,在微生物中模仿药用动植物中活性成分的合成方式,将从药用动植物获得的关键酶在微生物中通过科学设计和系统重建与优化,实现活性成分在微生物中的异源合成。此种方式不仅能保证目标产物的高效绿色定向获取,还可以实现大规模工业化生产,是解决稀缺中药资源生产的可行方法,在“农业工业化”过程中发挥作用,为推动中药资源绿色可持续发展提供了新选择。该文通过萜类、黄酮类、苯丙素类和生物碱活性成分的生物合成,异源仿生合成研究领域的重点与难点,以及中药复杂组分仿生细胞等3个方面的研究案例,系统概述中药活性成分异源仿生合成研究领域的重要进展,为促进新一代生物技术和理论应用于传统中医药发展提供重要参考。Heterologous biomimetic synthesis of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a new mode of resource acquisition and has shown great potential in the protection and development of TCM resources.According to synthetic biology and by constructing biomimetic microbial cells and imitating the synthesis of active ingredients in medicinal plants and animals,the key enzymes obtained from medicinal plants and animals are scientifically designed and systematically reconstructed and optimized to realize the heterologous synthesis of the active ingredients in microorganisms.This method ensures an efficient and green acquisition of target products,and also achieves large-scale industrial production,which is conducive to the production of scarce TCM resources.Additionally,the method playes a role in agricultural industrialization,and provides a new option for promoting the green and sustainable development of TCM resources.This review systematically summarized the important progress in the heterologous biomimetic synthesis of TCM active ingredients from three research areas:biosynthesis of terpenoids,flavonoids,phenylpropanoids,alkaloids and other active ingredients,key points and difficulties in heterologous biomimetic synthesis,and biomimetic cells with complex TCM ingredients.This study facilitated the application of new generation of biotechnology and theory to the development of TCM.

关 键 词：中药活性成分 仿生合成 合成生物学 中药资源 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]