文化观念、交换理性与西部老年人财产分配意愿——基于中国妇女社会地位调查西部数据的微观分析  

Cultural Perceptions,Exchange Rationality and Older People's Willingness to Distribute Property in the Western Region--Micro-analysis Based on Western Data from the China Women's Social Status Survey

作　　者：李颖晖 LI Ying-hui

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学,陕西西安710012

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2023年第1期92-100,共9页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“社会治理视域下西北少数民族地区家庭耦合机制与实现路径研究”(21XMZ030);陕西高校青年创新团队项目“大数据时代西北地区社会治理中的刑事法治”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：老年人的财产分配意愿是否存在男孩偏好是衡量家庭关系现代化的重要指标。基于2010中国妇女社会地位调查西部数据,分析发现,作为现代化转型的后发区域,当前西部社会老年人财产分配意愿呈现从男孩偏好向儿女平等的过渡状态,传统分儿不分女的分配偏好有所改善,但男孩偏好仍在近半数老年人间延续。其影响机制亦有转型特征:一方面,文化惯习力量强大,更认同传统男权文化,尤其是“养儿防老”观念的老年人,儿女平等分配意愿更弱;另一方面,理性交换的现代逻辑也存在,伴随女儿赡养日渐普遍,对儿子的经济支持依赖降低以及自身经济、健康状况更好时,老年人更倾向于儿女平等继承而不是女儿少分或不分。在当代西部社会,促进传统文化观念更新,推进家庭人口结构、经济分工等方面的现代转型,对进一步改善“重男轻女”的传统财产分配现状意义重大。Whether there is a boy's preference for the distribution of property among the elderly is an important indicator of the modernization of family relations.Based on data from the 2010 China Women's Social Status Survey in the west,the analysis finds that,as a late-stage region in the modernization transition,the current willingness of the elderly to distribute property in western society shows a transition from a preference for boys to equality between children,and the traditional preference for distributing children without sharing them has improved,but the preference for boys still persists among nearly half of the elderly.On the other hand,the modern logic of rational exchange is also present,and with increasing prevalence of daughter support,there is less reliance on the support of sons,mainly for financial support,and less reliance on their own economic and social support.On the other hand,the modern logic of rational exchange is also present,with the increasing prevalence of daughter support,the reduced dependence on sons for support,mainly financial,and the better financial and health conditions of the elderly themselves,who prefer equal inheritance from their sons and daughters to less or no share from their daughters.In contemporary western society,it is important to promote the renewal of traditional cultural attitudes and the modern transformation of family demographics and the economic division of labour in order to further improve the traditional distribution of property in favour of sons.

关 键 词：财产分配意愿 文化观念 交换理性 性别偏好 家庭关系现代化 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]