基于C—CN键断裂的芳香腈转化反应研究进展  

Recent Advances in the Transformation Reactions of Aromatic Nitriles via C-CN Bond Cleavage

作　　者：缪存静 姚佳琪 Miao Cunjing;Yao Jiaqi(Department of Pharmacy,Qiantang Campus,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,College of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310018;Department of Pharmacy,Ningbo Huamei Hospital,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315000)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院钱塘院区药学部,杭州310018 [2]中国科学院大学宁波华美医院药学部,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《有机化学》2023年第4期1341-1364,共24页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

摘　　要：芳香腈是有机合成中普遍存在的原料之一,也是一类重要的合成中间体,可广泛应用于药物、农用化学品、染料、香料以及功能材料等领域,但由于C—CN键热力学稳定性较高,很少被认为是一个有价值的反应位点.因此,开发简便、高效的方法催化芳香腈C—CN键转化成为近年研究热点之一.综述了近十年来基于C—CN键断裂的芳香腈转化反应研究进展,并按照不同反应原理分类,主要包括过渡金属介导/催化的C—CN的转化、自由基介导的C—CN的转化、Lewis酸、碱或Br?nsted酸介导的C—CN的转化,详细讨论了反应底物普适性、反应机理和应用,并对该领域的发展前景和局限性进行了总结.Aromatic nitriles are one of the ubiquitous versatile materials in organic synthesis,and also a class of important synthetic intermediates for a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals,agricultural chemicals,dyes,spices,and functional materials.However,the C-CN bond of aryl nitriles has rarely been considered as a valuable reaction site due to the high thermodynamic stability.Therefore,the development of simple and efficient methods to catalyze the C-CN bond transformation of aryl nitriles has become one of the hot research topics in recent years.In this review,the recent advances in the transformation reactions of aromatic nitriles via C-CN bond cleavage in the past decade are summarized and classified according to different reaction mechanisms,mainly including transition metal-mediated/catalyzed C-CN transformation,free radical-mediated C-CN transformation,Lewis acid,base or Brønsted acid-mediated C-CN transformation.The reaction substrate compatibility,mechanism,applications,advantages and limitations in this field are also discussed in detail.

关 键 词：芳香腈 C—CN键断裂 转化反应 反应原理分类 

分 类 号：O621.25[理学—有机化学]