纤维素基固态电解质在储能器件中的应用进展  

The application progress of cellulose-based solid-electrolytes in energy storage devices

作　　者：张丽榕 王富娟 石小红 张天芸 ZHANG Lirong;WANG Fujuan;SHI Xiaohong;ZHANG Tianyun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学机电工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《丝绸》2023年第6期14-24,共11页Journal of Silk

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51903113);中国博士后科学基金特别资助(站中)项目(2022T150282)。

摘　　要：液态电解质具有可燃性,存在起火甚至爆炸等安全隐患,而采用固态电解质代替电解液和隔膜,有望解决安全问题等。纤维素具有环保价廉、储量丰富、热稳定性和化学稳定性高、生物相容性好等特点,将其应用于储能器件的固态电解质中,具有降低成本、提高器件工作稳定性及使用性能等优势。本文为了全面介绍纤维素基固态电解质在储能领域的应用,首先简述了纤维素原料在储能电解质应用的特征优势;通过分析常见储能设备的组成和储能原理,介绍了固态电解质的性质要求;对纤维素基固态电解质在材料和结构设计方面的研究进展进行具体说明;并针对电解质的结构和性能,论述了常用的表征手段和测试方法;最后指出纤维素基固态电解质的发展前景,对其存在的问题做了总结。Liquid electrolytes are corrosive,easy to leak,flammable and explosive.Solid electrolytes can act as both electrolyte and separator for energy storage devices,which can effectively solve the bottleneck in the development and application of liquid electrolytes.Compared with other solid electrolyte materials,natural cellulose has the advantages of eco-friendliness,high yield,good stability and excellent mechanical properties,making it a vital biomolecular material.In recent years,the use of cellulose in the solid electrolytes has been extensively researched,and the enhancement mechanism is becoming clear,which has considerable prospects in the application of energy storage.At present,cellulose-based solid electrolytes have been used in various energy storage devices,and have great potential to improve the devices’electrochemical performance.In general,solid electrolytes require high ionic conductivity,stable interface,wide electrochemical window,high mechanical strength,and high environmental stability,so that they are able to assist other components to achieve high performance and cycle stability.As an insulating biomass material,cellulose is a great choice as a raw material for solid electrolytes due to its high stability,good heat resistance,and excellent compatibility.More importantly,cellulose has an easily adjustable pore structure that is beneficial for ion transport and structure design of solid electrolytes.Cellulose-based solid electrolytes in current research are designed from the two aspects of material and structure.There are usually two strategies to design electrolyte materials,including the modification of cellulose itself and the composite by using other materials.Weakening the cellulose’s hydrogen bonding network can accelerate the ion transport.In addition,the advantages of cellulose materials can be further exploited by selecting other suitable cellulose as well as other materials corresponding to different requirements.Nevertheless,due to the agglomeration of inactive materials,simple compo

关 键 词：天然纤维素 纳米纤维素 纤维素结构 材料设计 结构设计 固态电解质 储能器件 

分 类 号：TS102.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]