胡桃楸果实表型性状及遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of Fruit Phenotypic Characters and Genetic Diversity of Juglans mandshurica

作　　者：王子豪 苏迅 解孝满 仝伯强 丁平 韩彪 刘丹 张萍[1] 孔冬瑞[1] 胡德昌[1] Wang Zihao;Su Xun;Xie Xiaoman;Tong Boqiang;Ding Ping;Han Biao;Liu Dan;Zhang Ping;Kong Dongrui;Hu Dechang(School of Life Sciences,Ludong University,Shandong Yantai,264025;Shandong Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources Center,Shandong Jinan,250014)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025 [2]山东省林草种质资源中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第5期28-34,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MC055);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2021LZGC023);山东省农业良种工程项目子课题(2019LZGC01805);山东省草本植物种质资源普查项目(鲁财预指[2021]1号)。

摘　　要：基于山东地区3个不同地理居群(泰山居群、仰天山居群、昆嵛山居群)以及胡桃楸原生地吉林地区长白山居群的胡桃楸果实6个数量指标,开展方差分析、相关性分析以及聚类分析,并进行部分材料的ITS序列比对,旨在探究其表型性状及遗传背景差异程度。结果表明:(1)供试材料的果实多为8个纵脊,具长尖;山东地区胡桃楸果实表面纹饰均较浅,变化相对丰富,而吉林地区材料表面纹饰均较深,差异较小;不同居群间果实表型性状存在极显著差异,而居群内则以泰山居群单株间的果实表型性状变异最为丰富。(2)表型性状的遗传力均在0.93及以上,说明表型性状受较强的遗传特性控制,居群间差异相对稳定;不同地区间胡桃楸材料的欧式距离相对较小,推测居群间存在着基因交流。(3)不同材料的ITS区域序列碱基位点变异无明显规律,呈现随机变化,且居群间遗传距离较小;供试群体总遗传变异中有41.99%发生在居群内,58.01%发生在居群间;4个居群间的遗传分化系数FST为0.665,基因流Nm为1.93,存在着基因交流。遗传分析结果与果实表型性状分析结果基本一致,个体的表型性状与遗传背景存在明显相关性,但遗传距离与地理分布距离间的相关性并不明显。Based on the six quantitative indexes of walnut fruit in Shandong province and Changbai Mountain populations in Jilin province,analysis of variance,correlation analysis and cluster analysis were conducted.With ITS sequence information comparison of some materials,the purpose of this study is to explore the difference of phenotypic traits and genetic background.The results show that:①Most of the fruits of the tested materials have 8 longitudinal ridges and long tips.The surface decoration of J.andshurica in Shandong Province is shallow and the change is relatively rich,while the surface decoration of materials in Jilin Province is deep and the difference is small.There weresignificant differences in fruit phenotypic characters among different groups,and there was a significant correlation among various indexes;②Phenotypic traits are controlled by strong genetic characteristics,and the population differences are relatively stable.The Europeandistance of J.mandshurica materials in different regions is relatively small,so it is inferred that there is gene flow among different populations.③The base site variation of ITS region sequence among different materials showed random changes without obvious rules.41.99%of the total genetic variation occurred within populations and 58.01%among populations.The genetic differentiation coefficient FST among the four populations was 0.665 and the gene flow Nm was 1.93.The results of fruit phenotypic traits analysis and genetic analysis are basically consistent,so it is inferred that the phenotypic traits of each individual are related to the genetic background,but the correlation between genetic distance and geographical distribution distance is not obvious.

关 键 词：胡桃楸 果实 表型性状 ITS序列 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S792.132.01[农业科学—林木遗传育种]