氮磷钾肥不同组合对植烟土壤细菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of Different Combinations of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium on Bacterial Community Structure in Tobacco⁃Growing Soil

作　　者：王晓宇 苏梦迪 胡丽涛[2] 李航 黄浪平 马啸[2] 张松涛 Wang Xiaoyu;Su Mengdi;Hu Litao;Li Hang;Huang Langping;Ma Xiao;Zhang Songtao(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Fengdu Branch of Chongqing Company,China National Tobacco Corporation,Chongqing 408200,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]中国烟草总公司重庆市公司丰都分公司,重庆408200

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第5期84-93,共10页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重庆市公司科技项目“提升丰都烟叶云烟品牌工业可用性关键技术集成与推广”[A20201NY01-1303(2)]。

摘　　要：施用氮磷钾肥能提高植烟土壤速效养分含量并影响土壤细菌多样性和群落结构。本研究采用高通量测序和RDA方法研究氮磷钾不同施肥组合对植烟土壤细菌多样性的影响,以期为施用氮磷钾肥调控土壤细菌多样性、改善土壤微环境提供理论依据。结果表明,移栽后30 d,施肥处理显著提高土壤细菌丰富度和多样性。移栽后90 d,NK处理相比于CK显著降低细菌多样性。移栽后30 d,在门水平上,施肥处理提高了放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)等优势菌门的相对丰度,降低变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度。在属水平上,施肥处理提高罗河杆菌属(Rhodanobacter)、朱氏杆菌属(Chujaibacter)和Granulicella等优势菌属的相对丰度,降低新鞘氨醇杆菌属(Novosphingobium)和马赛菌属(Massilia)相对丰度。RDA分析表明,土壤pH值和速效养分对细菌群落结构组成影响显著,其中pH、碱解氮和速效磷是主要影响因子。关联分析表明,土壤细菌多样性与烟草农艺性状相关指标呈显著或极显著正相关,细菌群落结构组成与烟草生长发育密切相关。其中,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)相对丰度与烟草农艺性状相关指标呈显著或极显著正相关,苔藓杆菌属(Bryobacter)相对丰度与烟草农艺性状相关指标呈显著或极显著正相关,Ramlibacter属相对丰度与烟草农艺性状相关指标呈显著或极显著负相关。综上,氮磷钾肥不同组合对移栽后30 d土壤细菌的多样性影响较大,施肥提高了土壤细菌多样性和丰富度;施肥通过改变土壤pH值和速效养分影响细菌群落结构,细菌群落结构与烟草生长发育密切相关。Application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers could increase the content of fast⁃acting nutrients and affect the diversity and community structure of soil bacteria in tobacco⁃planted soil.In this study,high⁃throughput sequencing and RDA methods were used to study the effects of different combina⁃tions of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(NPK)fertilizers on bacterial diversity in tobacco⁃planting soil in order to provide theoretical bases for the application of NPK fertilizers to regulate soil bacterial diversity and improve the soil microenvironment.The results showed that fertilization treatments significantly increased soil bacterial richness and diversity at 30 days after transplanting.At 90 days after transplanting,the NK treatment significantly reduced bacterial diversity compared to the CK(no fertilization).At 30 days after transplanting,at the phylum level,the fertilization treatments increased the relative abundance of dominant phyla such as Ac⁃tinobacteria,Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes,and decreased that of Proteobacteria;at the genus level,fertilization treatments increased the relative abundance of dominant genera such as Rhodanobacter,Chujai⁃bacter and Granulicella,and decreased that of Novosphingobium and Massilia.RDA analysis results showed that soil pH value and fast⁃acting nutrients had significant effects on structural composition of bacterial commu⁃nity;among which,pH,alkaline soluble nitrogen and fast⁃acting phosphorus were the main influencing fac⁃tors.Correlation analysis results showed that soil bacterial diversity was significantly or highly significantly pos⁃itively correlated with related tobacco agronomic indicators;the bacterial community structure composition was closely related to tobacco growth and development.Among them,the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bryobacter were significantly or highly significantly positively correlated with the related tobacco agronomic traits,while that of Ramlibacter was significantly or highly signif

关 键 词：氮磷钾肥不同组合 速效养分 植烟土壤 细菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S572.06[农业科学—烟草工业] S154.381[农业科学—作物学]