添加沼渣对餐厨垃圾堆肥腐殖化过程的影响  

Effects of biogas residue addition on humification of kitchen waste compost

作　　者：李龙涛 董春华[1] 饶中秀 张娜 李微艳[1] 褚飞[1] 黄凤球[1] LI Longtao;DONG Chunhua;RAO Zhongxiu;ZHANG Na;LI Weiyan;CHU Fei;HUANG Fengqiu(Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Hunan New Type Fertilizer Engineering and Technological Research Center,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南省新型肥料工程技术研究中心,长沙410125

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第5期1148-1155,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2022CX74,2021CX37);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ4410)。

摘　　要：为探讨添加沼渣对餐厨垃圾堆肥腐殖化过程的影响,设计餐厨垃圾∶沼渣的干基比例分别为4∶0(T1)、3∶1(T2)和1∶3(T3)3个处理,以水稻秸秆作为辅料进行条垛式堆肥。通过测定堆体温度、干物质含量、种子发芽指数以及总氮、总有机碳、胡敏酸和富里酸含量,分析堆体的物料降解、腐殖化程度、碳氮损失和堆肥品质等。结果表明:随着沼渣比例的增加,堆肥的有效积温比、腐殖质聚合度、腐殖化指数均上升;50 d完成堆肥时,T2处理具有最高的干物质降解率(37.16%)、氮含量(23.89 g·kg^(-1))和种子发芽指数(90.59%),并具有较高的有效积温比(63.73%)、腐殖质聚合度(0.84)和腐殖化指数(7.78%)。研究发现,添加沼渣提高了餐厨垃圾堆肥高温期发酵效率,强化了堆肥腐殖化作用,同时也增加了碳、氮损失。In order to better understand the influence of biogas residue addition on humification of kitchen waste compost,three treatments were designed.In these three treatments,the ratio of kitchen waste and biogas residue were:4∶0(T1);3∶1(T2);1∶3(T3).Rice straw was used as an auxiliary material for strip composting.The material degradation,humification degree,carbon and nitrogen loss,and compost quality of the kitchen waste were determined by measuring compost temperature,dry matter content,seed germination index,and total nitrogen,total organic carbon,humic acid,and fulvic acid content.The results of this study indicated that the available accumulated temperature ratio,degree of humus polymerization,and humification index of composting increased with the proportion of biogas residue.After 50 d,when composting was finished,the T2 treatment had the highest material degradation rate(37.16%),nitrogen content(23.89 g·kg^(-1)),and germination index(90.59%).It also had a high available accumulated temperature ratio(63.73%),degree of humus polymerization(0.84),and humification index(7.78%).This study found that adding biogas residue improved the fermentation efficiency at the thermophilic stage of kitchen waste compost,enhanced the humification,and increased carbon and nitrogen losses.

关 键 词：堆肥 餐厨垃圾 沼渣 物质降解 腐殖化 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]