喷施污泥热碱液对叶菜产量及氮转化酶的影响  

Effects of spraying alkaline thermal hydrolysis liquid on leafy vegetable yield and nitrogen invertase

作　　者：吴晨瑞 薛晓蓉 王永亮 白炬 郭彩霞[1,2] 杨治平 张强 WU Chenrui;XUE Xiaorong;WANG Yongliang;BAI Ju;GUO Caixia;YANG Zhiping;ZHANG Qiang(Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学,太原030031 [2]土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第5期1156-1165,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：污泥水解多肽浓缩液成分、活性及作用机理研究(校企合作专项)。

摘　　要：污泥通过碱性热水解工艺(ATH)提取的富含多肽、蛋白质类的液体已被证实无毒性,用于农业生产中可显著促进作物生长。为研究该液体对作物氮素吸收的影响及其同化机制,以小青菜为研究对象,以喷施清水为对照,研究了200、400、600、800倍和1000倍5个稀释倍数处理条件下喷施热碱液对小青菜产量、氮素养分吸收及氮同化关键酶活性的影响。结果表明:随着喷施热碱液稀释倍数的增加,各指标均呈先升高后降低的趋势,当热碱液稀释400倍时,小青菜收获后,其氮素累积量、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)和产量等达到较高水平,且小青菜中硝酸还原酶(NR)、亚硝酸还原酶(NiR)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)在生育期间均可保持较高的活性;偏最小二乘路径模型(PLS-PM)表明,喷施热碱液后小青菜的氮素吸收主要受NR、GS、GOGAT的影响,同时GOGAT对小青菜产量的提升有显著作用。研究表明,喷施适宜稀释倍数的热碱液会提高小青菜氮素同化相关酶的活性,促进小青菜生长和对养分的吸收,从而提高产量。The polypeptide-rich liquid extracted from alkaline thermal hydrolysis(ATH)sludge has proven to be non-toxic and usable in agricultural production,resulting in a significant increase in crop growth.However,little research has been done on the nitrogen uptake of crops or its assimilation mechanism via this liquid.In this study,Brassica chinensis was sprayed with ATH liquid diluted 200,400,600,800 times,and 1000 times,and,using water as the control,the yield,nitrogen absorption and assimilation,and key enzymatic activities were measured.The results show that as the dilution ratio of sprayed ATH liquid increased,all indices showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.When the ATH liquid was diluted 400 times,the nitrogen accumulation,relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value),and yield of B.chinensis were higher than those of the control after harvest.Under these conditions,nitrate reductase(NR),nitrite reductase(NiR),glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH),glutamine synthase(GS),and glutamate synthase(GOGAT)could maintain a high activity during the growth period.The partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM)analysis showed that the nitrogen absorption in B.chinensis was predominantly affected by NR,GS,and GOGAT after spraying ATH liquid and that GOGAT significantly improved the yield.The appropriate dilution rates of sprayed ATH can improve the activities of nitrogen assimilation-related enzymes to promote growth and nutrient absorption in broccoli,thereby increasing the yield.

关 键 词：污泥热碱液 氮素转化酶 氮素利用率 偏最小二乘路径模型 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]