新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株流行期间不同年龄儿童感染的临床特征分析  

Clinical features of children with coronavirus disease 2019 in different age groups during the epidemic of Omicron variant

作　　者：蒋青莲 王凤颜[1] 郑铠军[1] JIANG Qing-Lian;WANG Feng-Yan;ZHENG Kai-Jun(Department of General Pediatrics,Zhongshan People's Hospital,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528400,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市人民医院普通儿科,广东中山528400

出　　处：《中国当代儿科杂志》2023年第6期600-605,共6页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨不同年龄儿童Omicron变异株流行期间新型冠状病毒感染(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)临床特征的差异。方法回顾性分析2022年12月9日—2023年1月8日于广东省中山市人民医院普通儿科住院确诊为COVID-19的211例患儿的临床资料,根据年龄分为1个月~<1岁组(84例)、1~<3岁组(64例)、3~<5岁组(29例)和≥5岁组(34例),分析比较不同年龄段儿童的一般情况、临床特征、实验室结果、诊治及转归的差异。结果3岁以下儿童占COVID-19住院儿童70.1%(148/211),3~<5岁组、≥5岁组患儿合并基础疾病比例高于1个月~<1岁组和1~<3岁组(P<0.05)。与其他3组相比,1个月~<1岁组患儿呼吸困难、鼻塞/鼻涕、腹泻的比例更高,惊厥发作及神经系统受累比例更低(P<0.05)。并且,与其他3组相比,1个月~<1岁组患儿胆汁酸及肌酸激酶同工酶升高比例更高,血小板计数降低、中性粒细胞比例升高及淋巴细胞比例降低比例更低(P<0.05)。COVID-19分型上,1个月~<1岁组患儿轻型比例高于1~<3岁组,重型/危重型比例低于其他3组(P<0.05)。1个月~<1岁组患儿吸氧比例高于其他3组(P<0.05)。结论不同年龄组儿童Omicron变异株流行期间COVID-19临床特征不同,尤其是1个月~<1岁与≥1岁患儿之间差异更明显。Objective To study the differences in the clinical features of children with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in different age groups during the epidemic of Omicron variant.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 211 children with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Department of General Pediatrics,Zhongshan People's Hospital,from December 9,2022 to January 8,2023.According to their age,they were divided into 4 groups:1 month-<1 year(n=84),1-<3 years group(n=64),3-<5 years(n=29),and≥5 years(n=34).The above groups were compared in terms of general status,clinical features,ancillary examination results,treatment,and outcome.Results The children aged<3 years accounted for 70.1%(148/211)of all hospitalized children with COVID-19,and the 3-<5 years group and the≥5 years group had a significantly higher proportion of children with underlying diseases than the 1 month-<1 year group and the 1-<3 years group(P<0.05).Compared with the other three groups,the 1 month-<1 year group had significantly higher incidence rates of dyspnea,nasal congestion/nasal discharge,diarrhea and significantly lower incidence rates of convulsion and nervous system involvement(P<0.05).Moreover,compared with the other three groups,the 1 month-<1 year group had significantly higher incidence rates of increases in bile acid and creatine kinase isoenzyme and significantly lower incidence rates of decreased platelet count,increased neutrophil percentage,and decreased lymphocyte percentage(P<0.05).The 1 month-<1 year group had a significantly higher incidence rate of mild COVID-19 than the 1-<3 years group and a significantly lower incidence rate of severe/critical COVID-19 than the other three groups(P<0.05).Compared with the other three groups,the 1 month-<1 year group had a significantly higher proportion of children receiving oxygen inhalation therapy(P<0.05).Conclusions Children with COVID-19 in different age groups have different clinical features during the epidemic of Omicron variant,especially between the chi

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 Omicron变异株 临床特征 年龄组 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]