地面多目标快速响应任务轨道设计  

Orbit Design for Multi-ground-target Responsive Missions

作　　者：张海洋 张刚[1] ZHANG Haiyang;ZHANG Gang(Research Center of Satellite Technology,School of Astronautics,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院卫星技术研究所,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《宇航学报》2023年第5期677-686,共10页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11772104);黑龙江省自然科学基金(YQ2021A003)。

摘　　要：针对多目标快速响应对地成像任务,提出了一种J_(2)摄动下4个地面目标重复访问以及5个地面目标单次访问的轨道设计方法。首先在轨道倾角已知的假设下,通过第1个目标点的访问约束解析得到升交点赤经和参数纬度幅角,然后通过第2、3、4个目标点的访问约束数值求解得到近地点角距、偏心率和半长轴。最后,通过增加回归轨道约束或第5个目标点的访问约束,将轨道设计问题转化为只含有倾角的一维非线性方程,通过一维数值搜索进行求解。仿真结果表明,通过所提方法设计轨道的星下点轨迹能够精确经过指定的多个地面目标,验证了方法的有效性和正确性。Motivated by the need for operationally responsive space,for the multi-target Earth imaging tasks,an orbit design method is proposed to solve the orbit design problems of revisiting four ground targets and single-visit five ground targets under the J_(2) perturbation.Firstly,for a given orbital inclination,the right ascension of ascending node and the argument of latitude are analytically solved by the constraint of the first target point.Then,the argument of perigee,eccentricity,semi-major axis are obtained by combining the constraints of the second,third,and fourth target points numerically.Finally,under the constraint of the repeating ground-track orbit or the visit to the fifth target point,the orbit design problem is transformed into solving one nonlinear equation containing only the inclination,and it is numerically solved by the one-dimensional search method.Numerical examples show that the ground tracks of the designed orbit can exactly pass through the given target points,which validates the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：快速响应空间 多目标点 星下点轨迹 轨道设计 J2摄动 

分 类 号：V412.41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]