投饵机下料及抛洒结构优化设计  

Optimization of Feeding and Throwing Structure of Feeding

作　　者：姜忠爱 于红 吴俊峰 缪新颖 李鹏鹏 JIANG Zhong-ai;YU Hong;WU Jun-feng;MIAO Xin-ying;LI Peng-peng(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;College of Information Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学机械与动力工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学信息工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2023年第3期10-16,共7页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：设施渔业教育部重点实验室(大连海洋大学)资助项目(202315);辽宁省科技重大专项计划(2020JH1/10200002);辽宁省重点研发计划(2020JH2/10100043);辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJKZ0729)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对投饵机在投饵过程中存在颗粒饵料破碎率高导致水体污染的问题,对投饵机下料及抛洒结构进行优化设计。【方法】为减少下料环节饵料破碎,采用饵料静力学建模与分析优化下料拨轮叶片型线,避免叶轮对饵料的挤压破坏;为减少抛洒环节饵料破碎,采用质点运动学建模与分析,改善饵料在抛洒盘沟槽中的运动形式,缓解饵料在离心加速过程中的破碎。【结果与结论】通过EDEM对抛洒过程进行仿真验证了曲线沟槽条件下饵料平均受力减小约46%,有效减少饵料破碎。实验结果表明,优化后的投饵装置能够实现颗粒饵料投饵破碎率约为0.2%,较同类装置饵料破碎率大幅降低,可有效减少饵料成本及水体污染。【Objective】To deal with the problem of high bait crushing rate in the feeding process of particle bait feeder,which will cause water pollution,the optimal design scheme of the feeding machine's structure is proposed.【Method】Considering that feeding and throwing are the main factors causing bait breakage,the research was carried out from these two aspects respectively.In order to reduce the breakage of the bait in the feeding process,the static modeling and analysis of the bait were used to optimize the blade profile of the impeller,so as to avoid the extrusion damage of the impeller to the bait;In order to reduce the breakage of bait in the throwing process,the kinematic modeling and analysis of bait were used to improve the movement form of bait in the groove of the throwing plate and alleviate the breakage of bait in the centrifugal acceleration process.【Result and Conclusion】Through the simulation of the throwing process by EDEM,it is verified that the average force of the bait is reduced by about 46%under the condition of curved grooves,which effectively reduces the breakage of the bait.The experimental results show that the optimized feeding device can achieve a bait crushing rate of 0.2%,which is significantly lower than those of similar devices,and effectively reduce the feed cost and water pollution.

关 键 词：水产养殖 定量投饵 投饵机 饵料破碎率 结构优化 

分 类 号：S969.3[农业科学—水产养殖]