中国征地补偿安置制度的演进分析——基于政策文献计量和内容分析的视角  

Evolution of land compensation and resettlement institution in China:Based on policy literature measurement and content analysis

作　　者：陈莹[1] 倪晓露 CHEN Ying;NI Xiaolu(College of Public Administration,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《土地经济研究》2022年第2期126-147,共22页Journal of Land Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金“基于空间异质性和受偿者差异的农地城市流转生态补偿机制及政策研究”(编号:21YJA790006)。

摘　　要：征地制度改革的关键是改革征地补偿安置制度,梳理我国征地补偿安置制度的演进过程,探讨不同阶段的特征和发展方向,为制度改革提供依据。本研究以1950年以来国家层面出台的征地补偿安置相关规范性文件文本为研究对象,综合运用内容分析法和政策文献计量法,分析征地补偿安置制度的阶段特征。结果表明:(1)我国征地补偿安置的内容围绕征地补偿标准、征地安置保障、征地补偿费分配和征地补偿安置程序四个方面;政策效力呈现“中间高,两头低”的特征。(2)征地补偿安置制度的演进过程经历了早期探索(1950—1997年)、初步建立(1998—2007年)、持续发展(2008—2014年)和深化改革(2015年至今)四个阶段,总体朝着提高补偿标准、完善安置与社会保障和规范征地补偿安置程序的方向发展,但仍有完善空间,最终提出以市场机制定价、出台征地补偿费分配指导意见、提供多元化社会保障等建议。The key to reforming the land requisition system is to reform the system of compensation and resettlement for land requisition.Against the backdrop,the study employs both policy literature measurement and content analysis to quantify the 60 policies implemented from 1950—2021 to explore the characteristics of policies at different stages,and provides a basis for further reform.The results show that:(1)The contents of land acquisition compensation and resettlement institution are related to four aspects,including compensation standard,resettlement security,distribution and procedure of land acquisition compensation and resettlement.Moreover,the policy efficacy shows a reversed-U shape,that is,an apparent tendency of high in the middle and low on both sides.(2)The institution in China has experienced four evolution stages:Early exploration stage(1950—1997),initial formation stage(1998—2007),development stage(2008—2014)and deepening reform stage(2015-present).The study finds that the existing institution has basically developed towards improving compensation standard and resettlement and social security system and standardizing the compensation process,but there is still room for improvement.Therefore,institution suggestions are put forward such as changing pricing mechanism of the land,issuing a national level guidance on distribution of land expropriation compensation and providing diversified social security for landless farmers.

关 键 词：征地补偿安置 政策文献计量法 内容分析法 制度演进 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]