混合公交系统的票价和服务区域协同优化  

Optimal fare and service area for hybrid transit system

作　　者：郭蓉蓉 刘人铭 余静财 张进[1] 李文权[1,3] Guo Rongrong;Liu Renming;Yu Jingcai;Zhang Jin;Li Wenquan(School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Department of Technology,Management and Economics,Technical University of Denmark,Copenhagen 2800,Denmark;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通运输学院,南京211189 [2]丹麦技术大学技术、管理和经济学院,哥本哈根2800 [3]东南大学城市智能交通系统江苏省重点实验室,南京211189

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期410-417,共8页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52272319).

摘　　要：为促进需求适应式双线混合公交系统的发展,对矩形区域内固定公交/需求响应式公交服务区域和需求响应式公交票价进行协同优化.采用连续逼近法,推导出运营商和乘客的成本构成.构建了非线性规划问题,在运营商收益非负的约束条件下使用户总成本最小化.设计数值实验,检测不同需求水平下优化模型特性.结果表明,时间价值参数对服务区域的影响较大,对票价的影响较小.算例中时间价值从20元/h增大到40元/h时,需求响应式公交服务区域面积占总区域面积的比例从24.5%增大到32.0%.需求密度对用户成本的影响较大,低需求密度下需求响应式公交的最大偏移距离与用户成本成负相关关系,而在高需求密度下则相反.灵敏度分析中最佳的需求响应式公交服务区面积占总区域面积的比例均小于50%.To facilitate the development of the demand adaptive paired-line hybrid transit(DAPL-HT)system,the fixed-route transit(FRT)/demand-responsive transit(DRT)service area and DRT fares in the hybrid system within a rectangular area are synergistically optimized.Costs for operators and passengers are deduced by the continuous approximation method.A nonlinear programming(NLP)problem is formulated to minimize the user cost with the constraint that the operator's benefits is nonnegative.Numerical experiments are designed to study the properties of the optimization model at different demand levels.The results show that the value of time has an effect on the service area,while it has little impact on the DRT fare.As for the example,when the value of time increase from 20 to 40 yuan/h,the proportion of the DRT service area to the total area increases from 24.5%to 32.0%.The effect of the demand density on the user cost is significant.The maximum offset distance of DRT is negatively correlated with the user cost at the lower demand density,while the opposite is true at the higher demand density.The optimal DRT service area in the sensitivity analysis are all less than 50%of the total area.

关 键 词：混合公交系统 需求响应式公交 服务范围 公交票价 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]