分配正义:从亚里士多德、斯密到马克思  

Distributive Justice:From Aristotle,Smith to Marx

作　　者：程远航 CHENG Yuan-hang(School of Philosophy and Society,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期11-17,共7页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：西南大学科研启动项目“历史唯物主义视域下的数字劳动批判研究”(XJ2022008201)。

摘　　要：分配正义作为正义的核心价值,在不同的主张中呈现不同的理论形式。亚里士多德的德性正义深入个人德性与城邦政治的实践活动中,指涉对人自我本性的教化,奠定了分配正义的政治基础。斯密以所有权为核心的应得分配观,以一种天然的交换正义实现分配正义的经济转向。马克思批判资本主义社会的分配正义,在构建共产主义社会中追求人的自由和解放,从而超越了德性正义和交换正义,形成根植于政治经济学批判的生产正义。从分配正义最初的政治表达转向经济探寻,再至超越传统分配正义内容和形式的生产正义,能够彰显更具历史感的分配正义。As the core value of justice,distributive justice presents different theoretical forms in different opinions.Aristotle s virtue justice went deep into the practice of personal virtue and city-state politics,which showed the enlightenment of human self-nature,and laid the political foundation of distributive justice.Smith s view of due distribution with ownership as the core realized the economic turn of distribution justice with a natural exchange justice.Marx criticized the distributive justice of capitalist society and pursued human freedom and liberation in building a communist society,thus surpassing virtue justice and exchange justice and forming production justice rooted in the criticism of political economy.From the initial political expression of distribution justice to the economic exploration and then to the production justice that transcended the traditional content and form of distribution justice,it could highlight the more historical exploration of distribution justice.

关 键 词：分配正义 德性正义 交换正义 生产正义 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]