避雨棚膜Coverlys TF150■对葡萄植株生长发育及光合特性的影响  

Effects of Coverlys TF150®on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grape plants

作　　者：李中瀚 刘明慧 唐美玲[2] 郑秋玲[2] 徐鲁成 高振[1] 杜远鹏[1] LI Zhonghan;LIU Minghui;TANG Meiling;ZHENG Qiuling;XU Lucheng;GAO Zhen;DU Yuanpeng(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong,Tai’an 271018,Shandong,China;Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai 265500,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院·作物生物学国家重点实验室·山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台265500

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第6期1171-1179,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD0010);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1000101);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-29-zp-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究避雨棚膜Coverlys TF150■对葡萄植株生长发育及光合特性的影响。【方法】以1年生巨峰和赤霞珠葡萄盆栽自根苗为试材,在盆栽苗上方设置Coverlys TF150■和PO膜材料避雨棚。【结果】与PO膜相比,Coverlys TF150■降低了光照度,透射率比PO膜低8.82%,降低了08:00和16:00赤霞珠和巨峰叶片最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))和光合能力,缓解了强光胁迫对葡萄造成的伤害,10:00—14:00 Coverlys TF150■下赤霞珠和巨峰叶片F_(v)/F_(m)降幅较小,增加了叶绿素吸收的光能用于光化学反应的比例,有利于电子传递的进行;显著提高了10:00—14:00赤霞珠和巨峰叶片净光合速率(P_(n)),缓解了“光合午休”,净光合速率日变化面积分别比PO膜高13.80%和14.39%,胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_(i))、气孔导度(G_(s))以及蒸腾速率(T_(r))均有一定程度的提升;Coverlys TF150■显著提高了赤霞珠和巨峰叶片质量、面积和叶绿素含量及植株生物量,促进了新梢生长,提高了根冠比与枝条可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量。【结论】Coverlys TF150■较PO膜提高了葡萄叶片光合能力,减轻了“光合午休”,有利于葡萄植株生长发育,促进了枝条贮藏营养的积累。【Objective】China has a marked continental monsoonal climate.The rainfall and heat appear during the same season.So fungal vine diseases caused by high rainfall are important concerns in China.Rain-shelter cultivation is a common kind of canopy management to reduce disease,and has been widely used in many places in China so far.In this article,the effects of the shelter film Coverlys TF150■on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of grape plants were studied.【Methods】One year old potted Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon grape nursery trees were put under the Rain shelter covered with PO film and Coverlys TF150■,the rain shelter height was 2 m.Then the chlorophyll fluorescence,photosynthesis indicators,and leaf and branch growth and development indicators of the leaves of Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon were determined.【Results】The value of the F_(v/Fm),Φ_(PSⅡ),ETR and qP of the Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon leaves under Coverlys TF150■treatment peaked at 10:00 and 14:00,and the value at 10:00 was generally higher than that at 14:00.Compared with the PO film,the Coverlys TF150■significantly increased the F_(v/Fm )of the Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon leaves from 10:00 to 14:00,but decreased the F_(v/Fm) at 08:00 and 16:00.At 10:00,12:00 and 14:00,the F_(v/Fm) of Kyoho was increased significantly by 7.41%,5.00%and 3.61%,respectively under the Coverlys TF150■treatment,and the F_(v/Fm) of the Cabernet Sauvignon was increased significantly by 4.76%,5.00%and 6.17%,respectively.From 10:00 to 14:00,theΦ_(PSⅡ),ETR and qP of the Kyoho and Cabernet Sauvignon leaves under the Coverlys TF150■were higher than that under the PO film,and lower than that under the PO film at 08:00 and 16:00.Compared with the value under the PO film,theΦ_(PSⅡ)of the Kyoho leaves under the Coverlys TF150■treatment was increased by 7.14%,13.64%and 17.39%,respectively,at 10:00,12:00 and 14:00;TheΦ_(PSⅡ)of the Cabernet Sauvignon leaves was increased by 7.14%,8.70%and 12.50%,respectively.The net photosynthetic rate(P_(

关 键 词：葡萄 避雨棚膜 光合作用 叶绿素荧光 生物量 生长发育 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]