木质素基腐植酸液体肥料对土壤生物化学性质及香蕉幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of lignin-based humic acid liquid fertilizer on soil biochemistry and banana seedling growth

作　　者：梁嘉敏 霍鹏举 郭涛[1] 张立丹[1] 樊小林[1] 孙少龙 LIANG Jia-min;HUO Peng-ju;GUO Tao;ZHANG Li-dan;FAN Xiao-lin;SUN Shao-long(College of Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第5期980-990,共11页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22178137);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-31)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究添加木质素的腐植酸液体肥料(即木质素基腐植酸液体肥料,LHF)对南方红壤养分含量、酶活性、微生物数量及香蕉幼苗生长的影响,在提高土壤肥力的同时为造纸工业副产物资源化利用提供参考依据。【方法】供试土壤为赤红壤,供试香蕉苗为五叶一心巴西蕉幼苗。盆栽试验设置不施肥(CK)、常规液体肥料(CF)、腐植酸液体肥料(HF)及木质素添加量分别为10 g/L (LHF_(10))、30 g/L (LHF_(30))、50 g/L (LHF_(50))的LHF处理,共6个处理,以上肥料的氮磷钾含量保持一致。香蕉种植3个月后,采集植株和土壤样品,测定植株生长指标和养分吸收量,以及土壤理化性质、酶活性和微生物数量。【结果】1)与CK相比,各施肥处理均显著提高了土壤全氮、铵态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量。土壤铵态氮、硝态氮和全氮含量均随木质素添加量的增加而呈下降趋势。与CF处理相比,LHF_(10)处理对土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、全氮、速效磷和速效钾无显著影响,但显著提高了有机质含量;LHF_(30)处理显著降低了速效磷、钾和有机质含量;LHF_(50)处理显著提高了速效磷含量,却显著降低了土壤全氮、硝态氮、有效钾和有机质含量,且降幅大于LHF_(30)处理。2)与CF处理相比,HF处理显著降低了脲酶活性,且LHF_(10)处理还显著低于其他LHF处理;HF、LHF_(10)和LHF_(30)处理显著提高了硝酸还原酶活性,而LHF_(50)处理硝酸还原酶活性略有降低;LHF_(30)处理显著增加了蔗糖酶活性,而其他LHF处理和HF处理蔗糖酶活性无明显增加;LHF处理的酸性磷酸酶活性均高于CF处理。3)土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量均表现为CKLHF_(10)>LHF_(50)>HF (P<0.05);真菌数量以LHF_(50)处理最多,其他3个处理间无显著差异;放线菌数量表现为LHF_(30)>LHF_(30)≈LHF_(50)>HF (P<0.05)。4)与CF处理相比,HF处理显著提高了香蕉根部鲜重,而LHF_(10)、LHF_(30)和LHF_(50)处理显著提高了香【Objectives】We studied the effects of lignin-based humic acid liquid fertilizer on soil nutrient contents,soil enzyme activities,soil microorganism abundances,and banana seedling growth.【Methods】The tested soil was lateritic red soil,and the tested banana seedling was at 5-true-leaves stage.There were 6 treatments in the pot experiment,which were no fertilizer(CK),conventional liquid fertilizer(CF),humic acid liquid fertilizer(HF),LHF with ligin 10 g/L(LHF_(10)),30 g/L(LHF_(30)),and 50 g/L(LHF_(50)),respectively.All kind of fertilizers had the same rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The plants and soil were sampled when seedlings have been cultivated for three months.And then the indexes of plant growth and nutrient accumulation,soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activities and soil microbial quantity were measured.【Results】1)Compared with CK,all fertilizer treatments significantly increased the contents of soil total N,NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N,available P and available K,but the total N,NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N content kept decreased with the increasing of lignin in LHF.Compared with CF,LHF_(10) treatment did not significantly affect soil NH_(4)^(+)-N,total N,available P and available K,significantly increased organic matter,while LHF_(30) treatment significantly decreased available K and organic matter content.LHF_(50) treatment increased available P,decreased NO_(3)^(-)-N,total N and available K,and the decreases were higher than LHF_(30) did.2)Compared with CF,all the LHF treatments decreased urease activity,with the lowest(P<0.05)decrease in LHF_(10).HF,LHF_(10),and LHF_(30) treatment significantly increased nitrate reductase activity but LHF_(50) decreased it.LHF_(30) significantly increased sucrase activity,whereas other LHF treatments and HF treatments did not.All the LHF treatments increased acid phosphatase activity.3)The abundance of soil bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes were in order of CK<CF<LHF(P<0.05).Among the four LHF treatments,bacteria abundance was

关 键 词：木质素 土壤肥力 土壤酶活性 土壤养分 养分积累 

分 类 号：S145.2[农业科学—肥料学] S668.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]