大亚湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构特征及其影响因素  

Structural characteristicSand relative influencing factorSof macrobenthos community in intertidal zone of Daya Bay

作　　者：李雪 李亚芳[2] 陈清华 宁加佳[2] 王亮根[2] 徐磊 黄德练 刘双双 钟超 张健[1] 王雪辉[2,4] 杜飞雁 LI Xue;LI Yafang;CHEN Qinghua;NING Jiajia;WANG Lianggen;XU Lei;HUANG Delian;LIU Shuangshuang;ZHONG Chao;ZHANG Jian;WANG Xuehui;DU Feiyan(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;South China Sea FisherieSResearch Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Research Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;South China Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510530,China;Sanya Tropical FisherieSResearch Institute,Sanya 572018,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室/农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510530 [4]三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2023年第3期42-50,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(202102020383);广东省环境保护专项(PM-zx555-202106-195);海南省自然科学基金项目(422MS156)。

摘　　要：近年来受人为扰动等多种因素影响,大亚湾大型底栖动物群落结构及潮间带的生态功能发生了明显变化。为掌握大亚湾近岸海域生态系统变化规律,根据2021年夏季(8月)和秋季(11月)在大亚湾获取的6条潮间带断面(3条砂质、2条泥质和1条人工岸线)的大型底栖动物和栖息环境调查数据,对其群落结构特征及影响因素进行了分析。共鉴定大型底栖动物118种,其中夏季82种、秋季64种,均以软体动物最多,节肢动物次之,环节动物第三。6条采样断面中,夏、秋季大型底栖动物平均生物量和栖息密度分别为589.36、188.22 g·m^(−2)和356.39、1010.3个·m^(−2),均以软体动物和节肢动物占比较高。聚类分析和多维尺度排序分析结果表明,大亚湾潮间带大型底栖动物可划分为沙相、泥相和人工岸线3个群落。其中,人工岸线群落多样性指数最高,稳定性最佳。冗余分析表明,底质类型和人为干扰是影响大亚湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构变化的主要因素。In recent years,the structure of macrobenthic community and ecological functionSof intertidal zone in Daya Bay have changed significantly due to the influence of variouSfactorSsuch aSanthropogenic disturbances.In order to understand the changing patternSof ecosystem functioning in the coastal waterSof Daya Bay,we obtained the data on the macrobenthoSand habitatSin six intertidal sectionS(Three sands,two mudSand one artificial shoreline)in summer(August)and autumn(November)of 2021,and analyzed their community structure characteristicSand influencing factors.The resultSshow that a total of 118 specieSwere identified,including 82 specieSin summer and 64 specieSin autumn,among which molluscShad the largest quantity in both seasonSfollowed by arthropodSand annelids.The mean biomasseSof the six sampling sectionSin two seasonSwere 589.36 and 188.22 g·m^(−2),and the mean abundanceSwere 356.39 and 1010.3 ind·m^(−2),respectively,with molluscSand arthropods accounting for a higher proportion.The resultSof cluster analysiSand multidimensional scaling show that the macrobenthic fauna community in the survey areaSdisplayed significant spatial differences.The macrobenthoSin the intertidal zone of Daya Bay could be divided into three communities:sand facies,mud facieSand artificial shoreline,among which the artificial shoreline community had the highest diversity index and best community stability.Distance-based redundancy analysiSindicateSthat the structure of intertidal macrobenthic community waSmainly affected by sediment type and anthropogenic disturbance.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 潮间带 群落结构 大亚湾 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]