疏水性纤维素纳米晶粉末的制备及其与裂解炭黑并用补强天然橡胶  

Preparation of Hydrophobic Cellulose Nanocrystals Powder and Its Combination Application with Pyrolysis Carbon Black in Reinforcing Natural Rubber

作　　者：胡洁 侯晓宇 岳成宇 张倩倩 陈晓燕 段咏欣[1] 张建明[1] HU Jie;HOU Xiaoyu;YUE Chengyu;ZHANG Qianqian;CHEN Xiaoyan;DUAN Yongxin;ZHANG Jianming(Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics,Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China;Shuangxing Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266400,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学橡塑材料与工程教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266042 [2]双星集团有限责任公司,山东青岛266400

出　　处：《青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期70-77,88,共9页Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项课题项目(2018YFC1902604).

摘　　要：为了降低纤维素纳米晶(CNCs)的极性,提高其与非极性聚合物的相容性,改善其在聚合物基体中的分散性,以油酸(OA)作为改性剂对硫酸酸解纤维素纳米晶(CNC-S)进行表面疏水改性,并经冷冻-干燥处理得到疏水且疏松的纤维素纳米晶粉末(CNC-OA)。对CNC-S和CNC-OA的化学结构、形态和热稳定性的详细表征表明:CNC-S具有典型的纤维素Ⅰ晶型,而CNC-OA具有纤维素Ⅰ晶型和Ⅱ晶型共存的晶体结构,且CNC-OA具有更高的耐热性和良好的疏水性(接触角138.7°)。分别以CNC-S和CNC-OA粉末部分替代裂解炭黑(CBp)补强天然橡胶(NR)。通过对NR/CBp,NR/CBp/CNC-S和NR/CBp/CNC-OA复合材料的结构及性能对比表明:两种CNCs的加入均有助于改善CBp在NR中的分散;由于CNCS与NR相容性差,在NR中难分散且对NR硫化有明显的抑制作用,NR/CBp/CNC-S拉伸强度和储能模量较NR/CBp更低;相反,CNC-OA与NR界面相容性良好,在NR中分散均匀且对NR硫化的抑制作用甚微,NR/CBp/CNC-OA具有较NR/CBp更优异的物理机械性能。In order to reduce the polarity of cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs),improve their compatibility with non-polar polymers and dispersion in polymer matrix,oleic acid(OA)was used as modifier to hydrophobically modify the surface of sulfated CNCs(CNC-S),and the hydrophobic and loose CNCs powder(CNC-OA)was obtained by freeze-drying.The characterizations of the chemical structure,morphology and thermal stability of CNC-S and CNCOA show that CNC-S has a typical celluloseⅠform,while CNC-OA has the crystal structure of coexistence of celluloseⅠandⅡcrystal forms.CNC-OA shows the improved heat resistance and good hydrophobicity(contact angle 138.7°).Pyrolysis carbon black(CBp)was partly replaced by CNC-S or CNC-OA powders and used to reinforce natural rubber(NR).The characterization and performance comparison of NR/CBp,NR/CBp/CNC-S and NR/CBp/CNC-OA composites show that the addition of the two kinds of CNCs is helpful to dispersion improvement of CBp in NR.Due to the poor compatibility between CNC-S and NR,the easy aggregation of CNC-S in NR and the inhibition of CNC-S on the vulcanization of NR,the tensile strength and storage modulus of NR/CBp/CNC-S are lower than that of NR/CBp.

关 键 词：疏水改性 油酸 纤维素纳米晶 裂解炭黑 天然橡胶 复合材料 

分 类 号：O636.11[理学—高分子化学]