青藏高原夏季卷云分布特征及生成机制研究  

Research of the Distribution Characteristics and Generation Mechanism of Cirrus Clouds over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Summer

作　　者：王凯 陈健 洪哲澄 颜楚荞 贺千山[2] WANG Kai;CHENJian;HONG Zhecheng;YAN Chuqiao;HE Qianshan(Nanjing University of Information Technology/School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China;Shanghai Meteotological Service,Shanghai 200030,China;Fudan University/Departement of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学遥感与测绘工程学院,江苏南京210044 [2]上海市气象局,上海200030 [3]复旦大学大气与海洋科学系,上海200438

出　　处：《高原气象》2023年第3期543-552,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2017YFC1501701);国家自然科学基金项目(41875146,42030612,91837311)。

摘　　要：卷云在地球能量平衡和大气水循环中扮演着重要的角色。本文使用“云卫星”(CLOUDSAT)联合“云-气溶胶激光雷达与红外探路者卫星”(CALIPSO)数据分析了2007-2010年青藏高原区域夏季6-8月的卷云分布特性和生成机制。结果表明,研究期间高层卷云发生数远远高于低层卷云发生数,高层卷云主要分布在高原南部地区,而低层卷云除了高原西部,在高原的边缘均有较大的发生频率。重力波耗损量和低层卷云发生数成正相关,重力波耗损量越大,导致卷云发生数越多,这是因为高原地区卷云的形成与重力波导致的温度扰动密切相关。深对流活动主要分布在青藏高原东南部,当向外长波辐射(OLR)低于140 W·m^(-2),即深对流活动最强时,高层卷云日发生数呈现爆发性增长,远高于高原北部和西部地区。青藏高原南部边缘除了受深对流的影响,水汽含量和垂直向上风速也与卷云发生密切相关,呈现从南到北逐渐减少的趋势,这与高原地形的抬升强迫有直接关系。Cirrus clouds play a significant role in Earth's energy balance and in the hydrological cycle of the atmosphere.In this study,we focus on the period of several years,2007 to 2010,and the area,the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,to analyze the generation mechanism and the distribution characteristics of cirrus clouds by using the data of“Cloud Satellite”(CLOUDSAT)and“Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite”(CALIPSO).Counting the number of the occurrence of cirrus clouds in different height,including high-level cirrus clouds and low-level cirrus clouds,the results show that the total occurrence frequency of high-level cirrus clouds is much higher than that of low-level cirrus clouds during the selected period and area.High-level cirrus clouds usually occur in the southern part of the plateau,and low-level cirrus clouds have much occurrence frequency both at the edge of the plateau and in the western part of the plateau.Besides,when calculating the loss of the gravitational wave,the result also shows an important relationship between the gravitational wave and the occurrence frequency of low-level cirrus clouds,that they are positively correlated with each other.To be specific,the larger the gravitational wave loss,the more cirrus clouds occur.The reason why this phenomenon occurs is that the formation of cirrus clouds in the plateau area is closely related to the temperature disturbance which is caused by the gravitational wave.By investigating in the selected area,there is the phenomenon that the deep convection mostly occurs in the southeast of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the following conclusions can be drawn:When the outward longwave radiation(OLR)is lower than 140 W·m^(-2),that is,the deep convection activity is the strongest,the daily occurrences frequency of high-level cirrus clouds grows explosively,being much higher than the northern and western regions of the plateau.In addition,on southern edge of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,cirrus clouds not only are influenced by the deep convection,but

关 键 词：卷云 深对流 重力波 

分 类 号：P426.51[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]