镉对绿鳍马面鲀幼鱼急性毒性、肝脏抗氧化能力及组织结构的影响  

Acute Effects of Cadmium on the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Histological Structure of the Gills and Liver of Juvenile Thamnaconus septentrionalis

作　　者：王晓然 边力[2] 胡琼 秦搏[3] 常青[2] 英娜 吴艳庆 杨立国 陈四清[2] WANG Xiaoran;BIAN Li;HU Qiong;QIN Bo;CHANG Qing;YING Na;WU Yanqing;YANG Liguo;CHEN Siqing(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai201306,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences、Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao266071,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所、青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室、农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200093

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第3期74-84,共11页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(20603022022014)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用静水生物测试法测定了镉(Cd^(2+))对绿鳍马面鲀(Thamnaconus septentrionalis)幼鱼的急性毒性。根据预实验结果,设定8.19、9.18、10.30、11.56 mg/L共4个Cd^(2+)浓度梯度进行急性毒性实验,根据急性毒性实验结果,设定1.84、2.76、3.68和4.60mg/L4个不同浓度Cd^(2+)急性暴露实验,分别在6、12、24、48、72和96 h检测肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽抗氧化酶(GSH-PX)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察肝脏、鳃组织结构的变化。结果显示,随着Cd^(2+)浓度的增加,急性毒性效应逐渐增强,24、48、72和96 h半致死浓度(LC50)分别为11.47、10.82、9.84和9.19 mg/L,Cd^(2+)对绿鳍马面鲀幼鱼的96 h安全浓度为0.92 mg/L。6 h时,各浓度组SOD和CAT活性与对照组相比显著升高;6—48 h时,SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势;48—96 h时,各浓度组酶活性均呈下降趋势,且时间越长,浓度越大,活性越低。与对照组相比,MDA含量整体呈先降低后增加的趋势,12—48 h时,1.84和2.76 mg/L组MDA含量有波动,3.68、4.60 mg/L组MDA含量与时间和浓度成正比。24 h时,1.84 mg/L组肝脏组织未见明显变化,2.76、3.68和4.60mg/L组肝脏组织开始受到明显损伤,表现为细胞体积增大且形状不规则,细胞膜边界模糊,1.84和2.76mg/L组鳃组织相比无显著变化,3.68和4.60mg/L组出现鳃小片弯曲,上皮细胞水肿膨大,相邻鳃小片相互黏连融合,无游离端,细胞坏死脱落等损伤现象。在安全浓度为0.92 mg/L内绿鳍马面鲀幼鱼可健康生长,SOD、CAT和GSH-PX活性变化及MDA含量反映了绿鳍马面鲀幼鱼受损害程度,可作为安全性风险评价的参考依据。The acute toxicity of cadmium(Cd^(2+))to juvenile Thamnaconus septentrionalis was determined using a hydrostatic biological assay.According to the pre-experiment results,four Cd^(2+)concentration gradient test groups(8.19,9.18,10.30,and 11.56 mg/L)and one blank control group were selected for the acute toxicity test using the equilogarithmic spacing method.The mortality,LC50,and safe concentration of Cd^(2+)in juvenile fish at 24 h,48 h,72 h,and 96 h were calculated.Based on the experimental results of acute toxicity of Cd^(2+)to juvenile Thamnaconus septentrionalis,the Cd^(2+)concentration gradients were set as 1.84 mg/L,2.76 mg/L,3.68 mg/L and 4.60 mg/L at the safe concentration multiple.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione antioxidant enzyme(GSH-PX),and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in liver and gill tissues were observed at 6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h.The results showed that as Cd^(2+)concentration increased,the acute toxicity gradually increased,the LC50 at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h was 11.47 mg/L,10.82 mg/L,9.84 mg/L,and 9.19 mg/L,respectively,and the safe concentration of Cd^(2+)on juvenile filefish was 0.92 mg/L at 96 h.Within 6 h,SOD activity in each concentration group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01);SOD activity first decreased and then increased within 6-24 h;however,from 24 h to 96 h,SOD activity of all concentration groups showed a downward trend.SOD activity in the 1.84 mg/L and 2.76 mg/L groups was always higher than that in the control group within 96 h.The enzyme activities of the 3.68 mg/L and 4.60 mg/L groups decreased to below that of the control group from 6 h to 12 h,and increased at 24 h,after which it showed a constant downward trend and remained lower than that of the control group.From 6-12 h,MDA content first decreased and then increased.At 24 h,the enzyme content in each treatment group decreased,but was still higher than that in the control group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).From 12 h to 48 h,the 1

关 键 词：绿鳍马面鲀 镉 组织结构 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]