辽宁省2021年蜚蠊监测结果分析  

Analysis of cockroach surveillance in Liaoning Province in 2021

作　　者：张家勇[1] 白玉银[1] 王纯玉[1] 张稷博[1] 李志[1] 张倩[1] 丁俊[1] ZHANG Jia-yong;BAI Yu-yin;WANG Chun-yu;ZHANG Ji-bo;LI Zhi;ZHANG Qian;DING Jun(Institute for the Prevention and Control of Infection and Infectious Diseases,Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心感染与传染性疾病预防控制所,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2023年第5期529-533,共5页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解辽宁省蜚蠊种群构成、季节消长和不同生境蜚蠊密度及侵害率情况,为制订蜚蠊防控方案提供科学依据。方法 在辽宁省14个地级市城镇设置居民区、宾馆、餐饮行业、超市、医院、农贸市场6种类型监测点,采用粘捕法进行蜚蠊监测。收集整理病媒生物监测点的蜚蠊监测数据,应用Excel 2010和SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行统计,分析蜚蠊密度及种群构成,比较不同生境蜚蠊密度差异及季节消长变化趋势。结果 辽宁省2021年共捕获蜚蠊3 031只,德国小蠊占94.66%(2 869/3 031),为主要优势种群。蜚蠊总密度为0.230 0只/张(3 031/13 234),蜚蠊总侵害率为5.59%(562/10 052)。不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率较高的生境依次为农贸市场、餐饮行业、宾馆,不同生境蜚蠊侵害率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=168.327,P<0.05)。蜚蠊密度和侵害率季节消长变化趋势均呈单峰曲线,高峰均分布在7月。不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率的季节消长中农贸市场、超市、宾馆、医院、居民区生境均呈单峰曲线,而餐饮行业生境接近双峰曲线。结论 2021年辽宁省蜚蠊的优势种群是德国小蠊,蜚蠊密度和侵害率较2020年均呈小幅下降的趋势,蜚蠊密度和侵害率季节消长变化趋势呈单峰曲线。农贸市场为蜚蠊防控的重点场所,结合不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率的季节消长趋势,在高峰期来临之前采取综合防控措施,以期达到降低蜚蠊密度和控制疾病的目的。Objective To master the condition of cockroach population distribution,seasonal dynamics,cockroach density for different habitat,and to provide a basis for developing cockroach control strategies.Methods Six types of surveillance sites,including residential areas,hotels,restaurants,supermarkets,hospitals and farm product markets,were set up in 14 cities in Liaoning to monitor cockroaches using the sticky-trap method.The cockroach surveillance data from vector surveillance sites in fourteen cities of Liaoning Province in 2021 were collected and statistically analyzed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 23.0 software.The density and species composition of cockroaches were analyzed,and the density difference and seasonal dynamics trend of cockroaches in different habitats were compared.Results A total of 3031 cockroaches were captured in 2021,of which Blattella germanica accounted for 94.66%(2869/3031)and was the dominant population.The total density of cockroaches was 0.2300 cockroaches per sheet(3031/13234)and the total infestation rate of cockroaches was 5.59%(562/10052).The density and infestation rate of cockroaches in different habitats were in the order of farm product markets,restaurants,and hotels and the difference in infestation rate between habitats was statistically significant(χ^(2)=168.327,P<0.05).The seasonal dynamics trend of cockroach density and disoperation rate showed a unimodal curve,and the peaks were distributed in July.The seasonal dynamics of cockroach density and disoperation rate in different habitats showed a unimodal curve in the habitats of farm product markets,supermarkets,hotels,hospitals and residential areas all,while the habitats of restaurants were close to a double peak curve.Conclusions B.germanica is the dominant species of cockroaches in Liaoning Province in 2021.Compared with 2020 the density and disoperation rate of cockroach in 2021 showed a slight downward trend,and the seasonal dynamics trend of cockroach density and disoperation rate showed a unimodal curve.The farm product mark

关 键 词：蜚蠊 密度 季节消长 监测 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]