心理弹性在水面舰艇部队官兵大五人格与抑郁、焦虑和压力间的中介作用  

Mediating effect of psychological elasticity on Big Five personality and depression,anxiety,and stress in officers and soldiers of surface combatant troops

作　　者：赵伟[1,2] 余鸿璋 曾文峰[1] 魏存 王云霞[1] ZHAO Wei;YU Hong-zhang;ZENG Wen-feng;WEI Cun;WANG Yun-xia(Navigation Psychology Teaching and Research Office,Department of Psychology,Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University),Shanghai,200433,China;Physical Therapy Department,Lushan Rehabilitation and Rehabilitation Center,Wuxi Joint Logistics Support Center,Jiujiang Jiangxi,330008,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)心理系航海心理学教研室,上海200433 [2]无锡联勤保障中心庐山康复疗养中心理疗科,江西九江330008

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第8期1061-1065,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81771301);"十三五"军队重点学科专业建设项目(2020SZ06-8);海军军事训练条件建设计划(TJ2021018)。

摘　　要：目的评估海军水面舰艇部队官兵的人格特质、抑郁、焦虑、压力和心理弹性,探讨心理弹性在大五人格和抑郁、焦虑、压力之间的中介作用。方法2021年8月采用整群抽样法抽取海军某部1530名官兵进行问卷调查,采用大五人格简式量表、CONNOR-DAVIDSON心理弹性量表中文版和短式抑郁、焦虑和压力量表简体中文版来评估部队官兵的大五人格各因子、心理弹性各因子、抑郁、焦虑和压力水平,并对数据进行分析。结果不同性别部队官兵的神经质、外向性、责任性、抑郁、压力、坚韧性和力量性因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);独生子女和非独生子女的宜人性和乐观性两个因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);已婚官兵和未婚官兵的开放性、责任心和压力性3个因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。官兵大五人格各特质、心理弹性各因子与抑郁、焦虑和压力之间均呈显著相关(均P<0.01)。大五人格通过心理弹性对抑郁、焦虑与压力的间接影响有显著低程度影响(中介效应占直接效应的比率为15.24%),同时发现心理弹性在人格特质对抑郁、焦虑和压力的影响中有遮掩效应。结论海军某部水面舰艇部队官兵心理健康状况不容乐观,心理弹性在大五人格和抑郁、焦虑、压力之间起到部分中介作用。探索适合水面舰艇部队官兵的心理弹性训练方案,通过提高心理弹性,来调节抑郁、焦虑和压力。Objective To evaluate the personality traits,depression,anxiety,stress,and psychological resilience among officers and soldiers of surface combatant troops,explore the mediating role of psychological elasticity between Big Five personality and depression,anxiety,and stress.Methods In August 2021,1530 navy officers and soldiers were selected by cluster sampling method for questionnaire survey.The factors of Big Five personality,factors of psychological resilience,and the levels of depression,anxiety and stress in officers and soldiers were evaluated by the Big Five personality short form scale,CONNORDAVIDSON mental resilience scale(Chinese version),depression,anxiety and stress scale(simplified Chinese version),and the data were analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in the scores of neuroticism,extroversion,responsibility,depression,stress,tenacity and strength factors between gender groups(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of agreeableness and optimism factors between respondents who are only child and non-only child(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of openness,responsibility,and stress factors between married and unmarried respondents(all P<0.05).The factors of Big Five personality,factors of psychological resilience in officers and soldiers were significantly related to depression,anxiety and stress(all P<0.01).The Big Five personality had a significant but low indirect impact on depression,anxiety and stress through psychological resilience(the intermediary effect accounted for 15.24%of the direct effect),and psychological resilience had a masking effect on the impact of personality traits on depression,anxiety and stress.Conclusions The mental health status in officers and soldiers of surface combatant troops is not optimistic,and psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role between the Big Five personality and depression,anxiety,and stress.It is necessary to explore the psychological resi

关 键 词：大五人格 心理弹性 抑郁 焦虑 压力 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]